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the Satapatha-Br膩hma峁嘺 and the Gopatha-B膩hma峁嘺 have used the
epithet 'veda' for the pur膩峁嘺. 20 The pur膩峁嘺 was regarded as the fifth
Veda. 21 The study of the Pur膩峁嘺s was held to be more important even
22 than the study of the Vedas, Ved膩ngas and the Upanisads.2 The Pur膩峁嘺s
became the Vedas of the laity and they were enjoined to be read and
listened to by all the four var峁嘺s of the Hindu society. The 艣udras who
were forbidden to study the Vedas were compensated by allowing them
access to pur膩峁嘺 and the itih膩sa,鲁 respectively called also the pur膩峁嘺
veda and the itih膩sa veda. 24
26 23
The Pur膩峁嘺s are unanimous in their view that Vy膩sa made the
Pur膩峁嘺sa峁僪it膩 25 and instructed his pupil Lomahar峁�ana when he entrusted
the work of spreading it. This is considered to have been at a time when
the Vedas were divided into four. Vedavy膩s who had the knowledge of the
Pur膩峁嘺s is said to have composed the Pur膩峁嘺sa峁僪ita based on the
膩khy膩na, up膩khy膩na and g膩th膩 etc; while the 膩khy膩na is the narration
about an incident which the speaker himself has witnessed, the
up膩khy膩na is that which was heard from somebody and retold. G膩th膩s are
the metrical quotations found in Vedas and Br膩hma峁嘺s.
:27
According to the definition of the grammarian P膩峁噄ni虏 the word
pur膩峁嘺 is that which is existing from long time past (pur膩bhavam). It
therefore appears that originally the term pur膩峁嘺 signified an ancient tale
or narrative. Such tales existed prior to Vedas. This seems to be the