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Architectural data in the Puranas

by Sharda Devi | 2005 | 50,074 words

This essay studies ancient Indian architectural science as found in technical treatises and the Puranas, with special reference to the Matsya, Garuda, Agni and Bhavishya Puranas. These texts detail ancient architectural practices, covering temple and domestic designs, dimensional specifications, and construction rules. The study further connects ar...

Height of Building

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It is given in Matsya Purana 81 that height of the building should be equal to the sum of 1/16th part of its width and four cubits. If the house has more than one storey, the height of the second storey should be less than that of the first storey by its 1/12th part. The height of the third storey should be less than that of second storey by its 1/12th part and so on the same rule can be followed up to a few storeys. In multi-storeyed buildings now a days this rule cannot be followed strictly. However, upper storeys should have successively height than the lower storeys. The height of building in various directions affects the life and fate of the house owner. If the house

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214 is lower in the east it brings progress to the owner, higher in south brings growth of wealth. If it is lower in the west if causes loss of wealth If the southern and western parts of the house are higher than the north-east parts, it is always good and auspicious. Some scholars have the opinion. that a house should have uniform height all around. A house higher in north-east and having fowl smell is bad, it causes loss of sons. Now-adays there is a growing trend of keeping the roofs sloppy. Such roofs. enhance the beauty and grandeur of the house, and also do not allow rain water or snow to stay on it. So there remains no chance of damage to the house due to dampness or leakage of water. The Matsya Purana says that the wall of all houses made of burnt bricks should be a one-sixteenth part of their breadth. The houses for the common people were of many storeys and varying measurements. The Matsya Purana 82 describes four kinds of houses as catuhsala, trisala, dvisala and ekasala. The Mayamata. however, refers to six types of houses with one, two, three, four, seven or ten main buildings. for gods, Brahmanas and other classes. 83 The work further specifies that the houses with single main building are appropriate for gods, Brahmanas and the people of other classes. 84 The Samarangana Sutradhara 85 mentions caste construction of houses, and a number of storeys, suitable for different castes. The Brahmana was to dwell in the houses having seven and a half storeys, whereas Mayamata assigns nine or ten storeyed building suitable for the

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215 86 Brahmanas. The Ksatriya in a six and a half, Vaisya not more than five and a half storeys and Sudra not more than three and a half stroeys. 87 have discussed ekasala, dvisala, trisala and catuhsala houses are discussed in chapter 2 above.

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