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Architectural data in the Puranas

by Sharda Devi | 2005 | 50,074 words

This essay studies ancient Indian architectural science as found in technical treatises and the Puranas, with special reference to the Matsya, Garuda, Agni and Bhavishya Puranas. These texts detail ancient architectural practices, covering temple and domestic designs, dimensional specifications, and construction rules. The study further connects ar...

Location of Door

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Location of the main door and other door also have to be decided as per norms set in the Puranas, because if there is any default in the door, the house owner will have to suffer great losses and troubles. According to

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204 details given in the Matsya Purana 54 the eastern doorway should be named Indra and Jayanta, the southern ones should be named Yamya and Vitatha. The western doorways should be named Puspadanta and Varuna and northern ones should be named Bhallata and Saumya According to the Agni Purana 55 the door must be planned in the four major directions and not in corners (diksu dvarani karyani na vidiksu kadacana). However, entering a house by door in the southern directions is commended by the Matsya Purana 56 The main door must be shaped like a plough and must be in two panels. according Manasara. 57 The Matsya Purana 58 says that the doorways should never be blocked with anything. The exists and entries should not be hindered by anything. These being blocked by a thoroughfare, tree, corner of another house, are inauspicious. The Brihat Samhita of Varahamihira speaks of defective planning of doors leading to distress and disaster (dvara-dosa) 59 The Matsya Purana 60 declares that the family of the house-owner whose doors open by themselves becomes mad and whose doors shut by themselves, become extinct. The house-owner whose doors are higher than the specified height has a danger from a king and if they be lower than the fixed standard then he has a danger from thieves. If the doors be above one another the house is known as the den of death. The GP 61 says that location of the door has been decided in different ways by various considerations, such as the rashi (Zodiac sign) of the house owner, his Aaya (Gaj, Simha, Dhvaj etc.), his caste and the constellation

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205 etc. It says that for persons born in the Zodiacal sign of Simha, Kanya, and Tula the main door is good if made in the north. For the persons born of Vrscika, etc. the door is advised in the east, south and west in order. The door shall have two units of length and one unit of width. There must be eight doors at least in a house. The Matsya Purana 62 says that the house whose doors interlap with doors and get obstruction with other things is very inauspicious. Other doors of a house should not be made like the main entrance door and the latter should be decorated with the ornamental work containing pitchers, flowers, leaves or the images of lord Siva's attendants. Every day the main entrance gate should be attended to with water and durva grass. If the door is built in the specified position it is auspicious, causing increase in wealth and progeny. Door in the corner of the area is harmful and causes troubles, sorrow and fear. Door should not be kept in the centre of the wall and there should not be door opposite to a door or another door above a door. It brings poverty, unwanted expenses and troubles. Main door should be a bit higher than the other doors. All the other doors in the house should have the same height. Their upper edges should be in one straight line in the same level. Door built with varying measurements cause loss of health and money.

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206 The following are the effects of the doors put up at the 32 outer squares beginning with Sikhin, whether in the plan of 81 compartments or of 64 are described in Puranas 63 and the Brihat Samhita of Varahamihira 64 DOOR PLANNING ACCORDING TO THE PURANAS & Brihat Samhita of Varahamihira S.No. Direction Organs of Vastupurusa Name of Bracket 1. North East Forehead Eash Effects Fire misery hazard and 2. East Right eye Parjanya Misery and agony for the women of the house 3. East Right ear Jaya Wealth gain, glory and progress 4. East Right shoulder Indra Success in government work, gain in ancestral anxiety 5. East Right hand Sun Mental torture, anxiety 6. East Right hand Satya Adverse effects on female 7. East Right hand Bhrsa Mental restivity, fear from enemies 8. East Right elbow Akasa Fear of thieves 9. South-east Joints place Agni elbow automatic vacuumdisappearance an object of knee, Ailment to sun, monetary loss, fear of fire and enemy etc.

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207 10. South Right knee Pusa Agony caused by friends and family members 11. South Right foot Vitaya Good results 12. South Right foot Griha Birth of a son, progress, khshata 13. South Right foot 1 Yama monetary gains Death 14. South Right foot Gandharva Loss of prestige, low status 15. South Right foot Mriya Fear from thieves, losses 16. South Right foot Mriya Suffering to children, obstacles 17. South-west Both toes Pitra Expenses exceed income, obstacle in having progeny 18. West Left heel Dvarpala Deafness, agony due to thieves 19. West Left foot Sugriva Pain, monetary problem 20. West Left foot Pushpadanta Mental elation, progress 21. West Left foot Varuna Excellent health, comfort, peace and well-being 22. West Left foot Asura 23. West Left knee Sosha 24. West Left knee Yaksama Losses from state, loss to father Monetary losses Illness, agony due to illness 25. North-west Joints places Rheumatic knee Death, sudden and onslaught of elbow diseases, worry

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26. North Left elbow Naga 27. North Left hand Mukhya 28. North Left hand Bhallat 208 Added enmity Ideal progeny and prosperity Progress in all fields, including financial aspect 29. North Left shoulder Kubera Gain of wealth and prosperity 30. North Left shoulder Sail Animosity from 31. North Left ear Aditi 32. North Left eye Diti progeny, opposition from family members Discomfiture to women inmates of the house Agony due to obstacles and delay in work, penury and added all-round failure. The Matsya Purana 65 says that multiply the length by the breadth of the house and divide the product by 8. If the remainder be 1, then the bandha of the house will be dhvaja or the flag. Similarly if it 2,3,4,5,6,7, the bandha will be as follows, vrisa, simha, vrisabha, gandhava, hasti and kaka. The dhvaja house is auspicious in all directions and is good. Especially it brings all sorts of happiness when used in towards the western door in direction. It further says that Simha is auspicious towards the north, Vrisabha, towards the east and Hasti is auspicious towards the south. It would appear that the length and breadth of these different apartments of a household were chosen in such a manner that the apartments belonged

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209 to the eight bandhas named above. This was probably considered auspicious and the proper thing to do. 66 The, Matsya Purana says that the area of the house, multiplied by 8 should be divided by Rksa (or 27 the number of the stars) the remainder Rksa star (being the star of the house) should be known respectively as Vyaya. If this figure be in excess, it means. inauspicious. Therefore, the excess in Vyaya is to be avoided. 67 The GP 68 says that the length divided by width that number is considered to be the Rasi of the vastu. Divided by eight, the remainder is called Aya. Multiply it by eight and divided by seven (Rksabhaga), consider what remains as Rksa. Multiply this four. Then divide by nine what remains is Vyaya according to Devala. If it is multiplied by eight it shall be Pinda Divide it by sixty. What remains is Jiva. The quotient is Marana (death). No one shall build houses behind the vastu. They are to be built inside the vastu.

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