Amarakoshodghatana of Kshirasvamin (study)
by A. Yamuna Devi | 2012 | 77,297 words | ISBN-13: 9788193658048
This page relates 鈥楩auna (4): Wild animals鈥� of the study on the Amarakoshodghatana of Kshirasvamin (in English) which represents a commentary on the Amarakosha of Amarasimha. These ancient texts belong the Kosha or 鈥渓exicography鈥� category of Sanskrit literature which deals with the analysis and meaning of technical words from a variety of subjects, such as cosmology, anatomy, medicine, hygiene. The Amarakosa itself is one of the earliest of such text, dating from the 6th century A.D., while the Amarakoshodghatana is the earliest known commentary on that work.
Fauna (4): Wild animals
(a) 惭峁沢别苍诲谤补 (II. 5. 1, p. 124)鈥�
[Lion:]
The lion is called 尘峁沢别苍诲谤补, since according to 碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 he is the lord of all animals ranging from tiger to rabbit鈥�
尘峁沢腻峁嚹佱箖 dv墨py膩di艣a艣ak膩nt膩n膩mindra岣� |
He also adds the synonym 办补峁囜弓丑墨谤补惫补 and specifically mentions that the lion is known so in 顿别艣墨鈥�
ka峁囜弓h墨ravo de艣y膩m |
The high octave roar produced from its vocal chords is referred to here.
(b) 痴测腻驳丑谤补 (II. 5. 1, p. 124)鈥�
[Tiger:]
碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 explains that a 惫测腻驳丑谤补 is so called as it kills by sniffing鈥�
vy膩jighran hanti 惫测腻驳丑谤补岣� |
He adds two more words for the tiger namely 肠颈迟谤补办腻测补 and 辫补帽肠补艣颈办丑补, referring to the stripes on the body.
(c) 罢补谤补办峁 (II. 5. 1, p. 124)鈥�
[Hyena:]
碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 says that the 迟补谤补办峁 is so called as it blocks the way and is also known as the forest dog. The behavioural pattern of hyena is depicted here. He points out that some spell the word as 迟补谤补办峁.
Another word added by him to denote hyena is 惫峁沰补鈥�
迟补谤补峁� 办峁峁噊迟颈 尘腻谤驳补峁� 谤耻峁嘺诲诲丑颈 迟补谤补办峁岣�鈥�
腻谤补峁噛补岣� 艣惫腻 迟补谤补办峁 ityeke |
v峁沰o'pi |
(d) 碍谤辞岣峚 (II. 5. 2, p. 124)鈥�
[Hog:]
According to 碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍, a 办谤辞岣峚 is that which is heavy and he adds four other synonyms citing Durga, viz., 办耻诲诲腻濒补, must膩da, da峁冡梗峁璻膩stra, mukhal膩峁単ala鈥�
kru岣峚 ghanatve'sm膩t办谤辞岣峚岣�, 办谤辞岣峚岣� kudd膩lo must膩do da峁冡梗峁璻膩stro mukhal膩峁単ala iti 诲耻谤驳补岣� |
(e) 惭补谤办补峁璦 (II.5.3, p.125)鈥�
[Monkey:]
According to 碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍, a 尘补谤办补峁璦 is that which dies or called so since it was devoured by 碍耻尘产丑补办补谤峁嘺鈥�
mriyate 尘补谤办补峁璦岣� 办耻尘产丑补办补谤峁嘺 nig墨r峁嘺tv膩t |
Monkeys are of various kinds and are an ornament to the tropical forests. The external attributes of different species is described by 碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 as k峁涐梗峁嘺mukha, gol膩峁単ala, 办腻辫别测补 and 肠腻辫补濒补 to denote an ape.
(f) Bhalluka (II. 5. 4, p. 125)鈥�
[Bear:]
Bhalluka, according to 碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 is that which hurts. He makes note of the fact that the word was used as 产丑补濒濒奴办补 in literary works and cites 鲍迟迟补谤补谤腻尘补肠补谤颈迟补 (II. 21)鈥�
bhallati (te) hinasti 产丑补濒濒耻办补岣� lak峁e tu 产丑补濒濒奴办补岣�鈥攄adhati kuharabh膩j膩matra 产丑补濒濒奴办补y奴n膩miti |
Though the monkey and bear are very much in the limelight in our mythology there is no mention of the mythological names of 贬补苍耻尘腻苍 or 闯腻尘产补惫腻苍 made by 础尘补谤补办辞艣补 or 碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍
(g) 艢颈惫腻 (II. 5. 5, p. 125)鈥�
[Jackal:]
碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 specifies that this word in feminine gender denotes a jackal and explains that it is called so as it smells out the birds or sharpens(the teeth) and is ominous.
He further adds that 艣颈惫腻 also denotes a gooseberry, while the word in masculine gender denotes Lord 艢颈惫补 as mentioned by 艢腻艣惫补迟补鈥�
艣inoti 艣颈惫腻 艣akun膩vedin墨 v膩 艣峁沢腻濒别'辫颈 蝉迟谤墨濒颈峁単补岣� 测补肠肠丑腻艣惫补迟补岣モ赌�
艣颈惫补岣� 办墨濒补岣� 艣颈惫腻 办谤辞峁ａ弓腻 bhaved膩malak墨 艣颈惫腻 |
He adds 辫丑别谤补峁囜笉补 to the list of synonyms of jackal.