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Significance of Worldly existence

Worldly existence, as depicted in various philosophical traditions, refers to the physical and transient nature of life characterized by suffering, desires, and attachments. It encompasses the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (samsara), filled with challenges and distractions that divert individuals from spiritual pursuits. This state is often critiqued for its inherent impermanence and the pain it brings, prompting seekers to aspire for liberation (moksha) from this material existence and the suffering associated with it.1
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Synonyms: Earthly life, Material existence, Temporal life, Mortal existence, Physical life, Terrestrial life, Corporeal life, Temporal existence

In Dutch: Werelds bestaan; In Finnish: Maailmallinen olemassaolo; In Spanish: Existencia mundana; In German: Weltliche Existenz; In Swedish: V盲rldslig tillvaro; In Malay: Kewujudan duniawi; In French: L'existence mondaine

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Worldly existence'

Buddhism Books

Worldly existence in Buddhism denotes living in samsara, marked by attachment and suffering. It embodies the human struggle with desires that perpetuate the cycle of rebirth and maintain suffering in life.

Significance in Theravada (major branch of Buddhism):
Theravada Books

From: Dhammapada (Illustrated)

(1) Refers to the human experience of life characterized by suffering, attachment, and desires that bind beings to the cycle of rebirth.[1]

Theravada is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Significance in Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism):
Mahayana Books

From: Bodhisattvacharyavatara

(1) The state of living in samsara, characterized by attachment and suffering.[2]

Mahayana is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sutras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajnaparamita sutras.

Hindu concept of 'Worldly existence'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, worldly existence represents the cycle of birth, life, and death, intertwined with attachment and suffering, which devotees seek to transcend through spiritual practices, aiming for liberation from material bonds and the illusion of permanence.

Significance in Vedanta (school of philosophy):
Vedanta Books

From: Taittiriya Upanishad Bhashya Vartika

(1) The concept referenced in the text to evoke feelings of disgust, contrasting the jiva's spiritual journey.[3] (2) The state of living within the physical realm, marked by birth, life, and death, which the jiva experiences until liberation.[4] (3) Concept mentioned in the context of emphasizing the disgust and pain of earthly life originating from the conditions in the womb.[5]

From: Brahma Sutras (Shankara Bhashya)

(1) The transient, illusory experience of life and identification with the material world, which binds individuals in Samsara.[6]

From: Mandukya Upanishad

(1) The state of being and living within the material world, which is influenced by the perception of cause and effect.[7]

From: Chandogya Upanishad (Shankara Bhashya)

(1) The state of life filled with attachments and sufferings, which the text suggests should be viewed with disgust.[8]

From: Brahma Sutras (Ramanuja)

(1) The state of being immersed in the material world, often characterized by cycles of birth, death, and rebirth.[9]

From: Brahma Sutras (Shankaracharya)

(1) The state of being characterized by individuality and distinct qualities prior to reabsorption into a non-distinct state.[10]

Vedanta refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Bhagavad-gita Mahatmya

(1) The realm of human life characterized by suffering and ignorance, which the eighteenth chapter aims to alleviate.[11] (2) Refers to the material and earthly life from which the king is liberated through spiritual realization.[12] (3) The state of being trapped in material life, emphasizing the importance of seeking freedom from it.[13]

From: Gautami Mahatmya

(1) The condition of being immersed in life and its associated difficulties.[14]

From: Vishnu Purana

(1) The cycle of life and suffering that beings experience, from which Muchukunda seeks liberation through Krishna.[15]

From: Yoga Vasistha [English], Volume 1-4

(1) The tangible realities and forms present in the universe, perceived by human senses but ultimately described as illusory.[16]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Pancaratra (worship of N膩r膩ya峁嘺):
Pancaratra Books

From: Parama Samhita (English translation)

(1) The state of living within the material world, subject to its limitations and illusions.[17]

Pancaratra represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Tiruvaymoli (Thiruvaimozhi): English translation

(1) The state of living in the physical world, often contrasted with spiritual existence or higher realms.[18]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Significance in Kama-shastra (the science of Love-making):
Kamashastra Books

From: Kamashastra Discourse (Life in Ancient India)

(1) The tangible and material life that individuals experience, which schools of Indian thought often seek to transcend.[19]

Kamashastra deals with ancient Indian science of love-making, passion, emotions and other related topics dealing with the pleasures of the senses.

Jain concept of 'Worldly existence'

Jainism Books

In Jainism, worldly existence represents a state filled with material concerns and attachments, characterized by suffering and the cycle of birth and rebirth, which individuals must transcend to achieve spiritual liberation and ultimate moksha.

Significance in Jainism (general):

From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra

(1) A state filled with troubles and distractions that Sagara wishes to escape from, seeking protection from the Lord.[20] (2) The common life experience that King Mahabala felt disgusted with, indicating a desire for something higher.[21] (3) The fleeting nature of life and reality, illustrated through various examples of mortality and loss depicted in the text.[22] (4) The physical and temporal life that Padmasena found unappealing.[23] (5) The realm of life characterized by material concerns and mortality, where death is inevitable.[24]

From: Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)

(1) The state of living in the material world, which is accompanied by incessant fear, driving the development of faith.[25] (2) The state of being bound by karmas, as described in contrast to the state of liberated souls known as Siddha.[26] (3) The state of living in a world governed by physical realities, attachments, and the cycle of suffering.[27] (4) The condition of living in a realm characterized by suffering and impermanence, which prompts contemplation to develop detachment.[28] (5) The cycle of birth and death driven by karmic influence, from which liberation is sought.[29]

From: Uttaradhyayana Sutra

(1) The state of living within the material world, associated with suffering and attachment.[30] (2) The cycle of life, death, and rebirth that encompasses suffering and is to be transcended by accomplished individuals.[31]

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

The concept of Worldly existence in local and regional sources

History Books

Worldly existence encompasses mortal life filled with challenges, sorrows, and material desires, highlighting the struggles that bind individuals to the physical realm and hinder their pursuit of spiritual liberation and higher aspirations.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: Bhaktavijaya: Stories of Indian Saints

(1) Refers to the physical realm of life, filled with challenges and material desires.[32] (2) The state of being and the accompanying sorrows and sufferings associated with life in the material world.[33] (3) The material life characterized by suffering and obstacles that keeps individuals bound and away from spiritual liberation.[34] (4) Refers to the mortal life and its inherent challenges, contrasting it with spiritual aspirations.[35]

Plural form: Worldly existences.