365bet娱乐

[Full title: The Five Faculties (辫补帽肠颈苍诲谤颈测补苍颈; Sanskrit: indriya)鈥擨苍迟谤辞诲耻肠迟颈辞苍闭

There are the five faculties (辫补帽肠颈苍诲谤颈测补, Skt. indriya); namely

1. faculty of faith or confidence (saddhindriya, S. 艣谤补诲诲腻),
2. faculty of effort or energy (惫墨谤颈测颈苍诲谤颈测补, S. 惫墨谤测补),
3. faculty of mindfulness (satindriya, S. 蝉尘峁泃颈),
4. faculty of concentration (蝉补尘腻诲丑颈苍诲谤颈测补, S. 蝉补尘腻诲丑颈) and
5. faculty of wisdom (辫补帽帽颈苍诲谤颈测补, S. 辫谤补箩帽腻).

厂补诲诲丑腻 is faith in the perfect enlightenment of the Buddha and the efficacy of the path he discover. 痴墨谤颈测补 is effort or energy which is four kinds; i.e. an attempt at originating kusala, at cultivating kusala that has already originated, at preventing akusala from originating and at putting an end to akusala to akusala that has already originated. This fourfold v墨riya, otherwise called 蝉补尘尘腻-辫补诲丑腻苍补, is identical with 蝉补尘尘腻-惫腻测补尘补 of the eightfold path. Sati is mindfulness and awareness in contemplating on body, feelings, mind and dhamma, it is also called 蝉补迟颈辫补峁�峁�丑腻苍补 and is identical with 蝉补尘尘腻-sati of the eightfold path. 厂补尘腻诲丑颈 is concentration of mind associated with wholesome consciousness which eventually may reach the absorptions (箩丑腻苍补). This is identical with 蝉补尘尘腻-蝉补尘腻诲丑颈 of the eightfold path. 笔补帽帽腻 is wisdom, insight to the four noble truths, and is identical with 蝉补尘尘腻-诲颈峁�峁�丑颈 of the eightfold path. All these are types of wholesome consciousness (kusala-citta). They are called indriya because they master their opposites, that is, they keep them under control. Faith brings lack of faith or doubt (惫颈肠颈办颈肠肠丑腻) under control; effort controls indolence (kosajja), mindfulness controls heedlessness (辫补尘腻诲补), concentration controls agitation (uddhacca) and wisdom controls ignorance (补惫颈箩箩丑腻).^[1]

These five faculties may be considered the individuals鈥� potentiallities in the spiritual sphere. It is these potentialities that form the object of Buddha鈥檚 particular knowledge called 颈苍诲谤颈测补辫补谤辞辫补谤颈测补迟迟补帽腻峁嘺. It is said that the Buddha understands, by this knowledge, the extent to which these spiritual faculties of individuals are developed or degenerated.^[2]

The 滨苍诲谤颈测补惫颈产丑补峁単补 Sutta in Sa峁儁utta Nik膩ya explained five faculties under the following:

鈥�Bhikkhus, there are these five faculties. What five? There are the faculties of faith, effort, mindfulness, concentration and wisdom.

Now what, Bhikkhus, is the faculty of faith?

鈥淗别谤别颈苍, Bhikkhus, the noble disciple has faith. He has faith in the Enlightenment of the 罢补迟丑腻驳补迟补 thus:鈥橳he Lord is such since he is Arahant, fully Enlightened, perfect in understanding and conduct, sublime, knower of the worlds, unsurpassed leader of men to be tamed, the Teacher of devas and men, enlightened, the Lord.鈥� This, Bhikkhus, is called the faculty of faith.

鈥淣ow what, Bhikkhus, is the faculty of effort or energy?

鈥淗别谤别颈苍, Bhikkhus, the noble disciple lives with effort aroused for getting rid of unskilled states and perfecting skilled states, strenuous and energetic, not giving up the effort with regard to skilled states. This, Bhikkhus, is called the faculty of effort.

鈥淣ow what, Bhikkhus, is the faculty of mindfulness?

鈥淗别谤别颈苍, Bhikkhus, the noble disciple is mindful, possessing excellent mindfulness and prudence, remembering and recollecting what was done and said long ago. This, Bhikkhus, is called the faculty of mindfulness.

鈥淣ow what, Bhikkhus, is the faculty of concentration?

鈥淗别谤别颈苍, Bhikkhus, the noble disciple, by making relinquishment [of attachment] the object of thought, obtains concentration, obtains unification of mind. This, Bhikkhus, is called the faculty of concentration.

鈥淣ow what, Bhikkhus, is the faculty of wisdom?

鈥淗别谤别颈苍, Bhikkhus, the noble disciple is wise, possessing the wisdom [that sees] the rising and passing away [of phenomena], noble, penetrating, leading to the complete ending of suffering. This, Bhikkhus, is called the faculty of wisdom.鈥�^[3]

Footnotes and references:

[back to top]

[1]:

Vibh-A, p. 125

[2]:

MA II, p. 29

[3]:

SN 48:9/V, p. 197