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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Malay Version of Child Abuse Screening Tool: Validity and Reliability Study�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Anda (Amda):
Anda is the Malay word for 'you', used to address someone formally or respectfully in conversation. In the context of the text, understanding who the subjects are referring to when discussing childhood issues or participant engagement is essential. It highlights the personal involvement and perspective of respondents in the study.

2) Table:
Table refers to a systematic arrangement of data, often in rows and columns, in research articles to present results quantitatively. In the provided text, tables serve to summarize findings from the study like participant demographics, responses, and statistical analysis clearly and concisely for readers� comprehension and reference.

3) Study (Studying):
The term study refers to the systematic investigation of a subject in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. In the context of this text, it pertains to the research conducted to translate and validate the ICAST-CH tool, indicating a structured approach to understanding childhood maltreatment in Malaysia.

4) Reliability:
Reliability refers to the consistency of a measure over time. In the study context, it indicates the extent to which the ICAST-CH-M yields stable responses across various respondents, thereby affirming that it can be trusted to assess child maltreatment accurately when used in similar future studies.

5) Language:
Language is a system of communication used by a particular community or country. The necessity of translating the ICAST-CH into Malay demonstrates the importance of language in ensuring that participants can comprehend the questions and provide accurate responses, thus affecting the validity of the study outcomes.

6) Kota:
Kota means 'city' in Malay. In the study, Kota highlights the urban setting where the research was conducted, specifically Kota Bharu. The choice of location is relevant as it can influence socio-economic factors, demographics, and the prevalence of child maltreatment, thus affecting the validity of the study's findings.

7) Cara:
Cara translates to 'way' or 'method' in Malay. This word is crucial as it emphasizes the various approaches utilized in the study, particularly in the context of data collection and the adaptation of the ICAST tool. It's essential to highlight how the study was structured and executed.

8) Bharu:
Bharu translates to 'new' in Malay. When combined with Kota, it refers to Kota Bharu, a city important for contextualizing the research. The implications of conducting the study in Kota Bharu lend localized insight into child maltreatment, ensuring the research reflects the specific cultural, social, and economic conditions there.

9) Chang:
Chang, often a surname in many cultures, could refer to a researcher or participant in studies relevant to child maltreatment in the provided context. It implies interdisciplinary collaborations or comparative analyses, important for understanding cultural nuances or variations in experiences across different demographic or geographic groups.

10) Rules:
Rules refer to explicit or understood regulations, principles, or guidelines that dictate how a study should be conducted. In this study, rules would include ethical guidelines, procedural protocols, and statistical methods that govern data collection and analysis, ensuring the integrity and validity of the research findings.

11) Satu:
Satu translates to 'one' in Malay. This word often indicates singularity in the context of each construct or finding within the study. Highlighting a singular situation or case may aid in emphasizing specific instances of maltreatment, making it clear when discussing individual experiences versus broader trends.

12) Field:
Field refers to the area of study, such as children’s wellbeing in the context of maltreatment. It also denotes the practical setting where research occurs, essential for collecting authentic data. Contextualizing the research 'field' helps to convey the research scope, limitations, and the environmental factors influencing findings.

13) Sama (Shama):
Sama means 'same' in Malay. Using this term highlights the concept of similarity, particularly in comparing groups in the study or reiterating the need for consistency in methodologies when collecting and interpreting results. It indicates a need for uniformity across elements examined in the research.

14) Measurement:
Measurement refers to the process of obtaining a quantitative number that represents an object or phenomenon. In this study, it concerns the ICAST-CH tool used to assess child maltreatment levels. Accurate measurement ensures validity and reliability of data, underlining its importance in generating trustworthy results.

15) Similarity:
Similarity indicates the quality of being alike or having common characteristics. In research, recognizing similarities between populations can impart insights on universal aspects of child maltreatment. This term helps delineate areas where findings may be generalized or necessitate localized understanding based on specific cultural contexts.

16) Antara (Amtara):
Antara translates to 'between' or 'among' in Malay. It contextualizes the relationships or comparisons being made, particularly in discussing the various domains of abuse and neglect assessed within the study. This term draws attention to interactions and influences among different variables relevant in child maltreatment.

17) Burning (Burn, Burned, Burnt):
Burned refers to the act of being harmed by fire, which can be a specific category of abuse within the broader context of child maltreatment. Identifying indicators of burn injuries is critical in the context of the ICAST-CH-M tool to comprehensively capture various forms of physical abuse experienced by children.

18) Pana:
Pana translates to 'heat' or 'warmth' in Malay and may refer to sensations associated with burns. In the study, addressing experiences related to heat or pain can indicate forms of abuse. This term holds significance in understanding physical abuse dynamics, particularly in specific case studies of maltreatment.

19) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa means 'feel' or 'taste' in Malay. This term is pertinent when discussing emotional and psychological experiences of children in relation to abuse. Understanding children's feelings is essential for the comprehensive evaluation of maltreatment, helping scholars to grasp both immediate and long-term impacts on children’s wellbeing.

20) Pada:
Pada translates to 'at' or 'on' in Malay. It is used to denote a specific situation or condition. In the context of the text, it indicates particular occurrences or factors influencing children’s experiences of maltreatment, allowing researchers to stipulate conditions under which specific data was collected.

21) Siti (Shiti):
Siti is a common Malay name, possibly indicating a participant or referent within the study. The inclusion of specific names in research exemplifies grounded qualitative work, showcasing individual experiences in a broader analytical framework, particularly useful for illustrating the multi-dimensional nature of child maltreatment.

22) Hair:
Hair often represents a feature associated with physical abuse when discussing incidents such as pulling hair. In the study, understanding specifics about types of abuse—including hair being pulled—contributes to identifying physical maltreatment types and ensures that the ICAST-CH-M adequately captures these experiences.

23) Hand:
Hand signifies a body part that is often involved in physical interactions, including abuse. In assessing experiences of maltreatment, the mention of 'hand' may relate to physical forms of abuse (e.g., hitting). This term helps elucidate forms and methods of abuse encountered by children.

24) Pur:
Poor indicates a state of inadequacy or a lack of resources, which can correlate with higher instances of child maltreatment. Contextualizing socio-economic factors, such as poverty, is vital in understanding and interpreting the conditions under which child abuse occurs, linking poverty to increased vulnerabilities in children.

25) Arrangement:
Arrangement refers to the organization or structuring of elements for clarity and coherence. In the context of research, it could indicate how participants were organized for the study or the order in which elements of the ICAST-CH-M tool were presented or validated, influencing ease of response and interpretation.

26) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the section of a research paper where findings are interpreted and contextualized. In the text, it emphasizes the importance of analyzing results in relation to existing literature, considering how findings inform the broader understanding of child maltreatment and its social implications.

27) Education:
Education encompasses the process of imparting knowledge. In the context of the ICAST-CH-M, addressing education is crucial as it relates to awareness and understanding of child maltreatment. Education can empower children and caregivers, facilitating better reporting and intervention in abuse situations, influencing overall societal wellbeing.

28) Writing:
Writing serves as a fundamental means of communication and documentation in research. It encompasses how findings, insights, and experiences are conveyed, ensuring clarity. In this context, effective writing enables dissemination of results, allowing a broader audience to engage with the study's implications on policies related to child welfare.

29) Filling (Filled):
Filling refers to the act of providing information, particularly in the context of completing questionnaires or forms. In the research context, it emphasizes the process of subjects responding to the ICAST-CH-M, crucial for gathering accurate data on child maltreatment experiences for valid analyses.

30) Science (Scientific):
Science underlies the systematic study of the nature and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experimentation. In the context of the study, it indicates the use of scientific principles to validate the ICAST-CH-M tool, ensuring that data collection methods yield reliable and meaningful results.

31) Weapon:
Weapon specifically refers to instruments used to inflict harm or injury. In the study, discussions surrounding weapons may pertain to how exposure to violence, possibly involving weapons, affects children's safety and wellbeing. Recognizing weapon-related incidents within maltreatment scenarios is critical for comprehensive assessment and intervention strategies.

32) Family:
Family signifies a primary social unit, which plays a crucial role in the emotional and physical development of children. In the discussions of child maltreatment, understanding familial relationships informs the context of abuse, revealing dynamics that may perpetuate or mitigate risks associated with maltreatment experiences.

33) Killing (Killed):
Killed refers to actions resulting in death. Contextually, discussions of incidents where children witness harm or death can influence their psychological and emotional health. Recognizing traumatic events involving death in maltreatment studies shapes how researchers assess the long-term impacts of such experiences on children's wellbeing.

34) House:
House provides context relating to the physical environment in which children grow up. It often correlates with factors influencing child maltreatment risks, such as safety and stability. Understanding where children live and experiences occurring in homes aids in addressing community and social interventions aimed at prevention.

35) Mati:
Mati means 'death' in Malay, emphasizing the critical nature of discussions surrounding child maltreatment. It can refer to the ultimate consequence of severe abuse. Recognizing expressions linked to death helps researchers understand the severity of experiences children face, implying an urgent need for effective interventions across communities.

36) Mana:
Mana translates to 'where' in Malay, often used in questions. Its significance in the study context may relate to inquiries about the location or circumstances surrounding abuse. Understanding where incidents occur is crucial to analyzing environmental influences on child maltreatment in specific community contexts.

37) Tali:
Tali refers to 'rope' or 'string' in Malay. This term can illustrate means of physical restraint or control in abusive contexts. Its relevance in discussing methods of abuse or injury further enriches the understanding of varied types of maltreatment that children may experience in their environments.

38) Post:
Post signifies communication or information dissemination, implying the sharing of findings from the research. In the context of the text, it underscores the importance of publishing results, allowing data to inform policies or social interventions aimed at addressing child maltreatment and raising awareness in communities.

39) Drug:
Drug typically refers to substances used for medical or recreational purposes, but can also relate to substance abuse issues in the context of childhood maltreatment. Understanding the correlation between drug use in households and incidents of abuse provides deeper insights into the social dynamics contributing to child maltreatment.