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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Principles of Rajayakshma management for COVID-19�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Disease:
A disease is a pathological condition affecting an organism, characterized by symptoms and signs. In the context of COVID-19, the disease presents with respiratory distress and multiple systemic effects. Understanding diseases helps in identifying their causes, transmission modes, and effective treatments or preventive measures.

2) Rajayakshma (Rajan-yakshma, Rajayaksma):
Rajayakshma is an ancient Ayurvedic concept that refers to a chronic wasting disease associated with a diminished immune response. Its relevance arises in understanding pathological states similar to COVID-19, as both conditions reflect issues like systemic weakness and require tailored management strategies in Ayurveda.

3) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is a traditional Indian system of medicine emphasizing balance between body, mind, and spirit through natural therapies. It holds significance in the management of various diseases, including COVID-19. Ayurvedic practices aim to enhance immunity and overall health using herbs, dietary changes, and lifestyle modifications.

4) Table:
In scientific literature, tables are used to present data clearly and concisely. They enable comparisons and easy reference, especially in discussions on clinical characteristics and treatment approaches, such as comparing symptoms and management strategies in the context of Ayurveda and COVID-19.

5) Samhita:
Samhita refers to a collection or compilation of texts in Ayurveda, outlining medical doctrines, principles, and treatments. Such texts form the foundational basis of Ayurvedic knowledge, used in clinical practices, including the management of diseases like COVID-19, drawing on historical precedents for treatment.

6) Water:
Water plays a crucial role in Ayurvedic treatments and human health. It is used in various therapeutic forms, from herbal infusions to cleansing detoxification processes. Maintaining hydration is essential for optimal physiological function, especially in the context of infections like COVID-19.

7) Fever:
Fever is a common symptom in many diseases, including COVID-19. It represents the body's response to infection and inflammation. Ayurvedic approaches often classify fever and suggest treatments that balance body doshas, helping to alleviate associated symptoms and boost recovery.

8) Indian:
The term 'Indian' relates to the context of traditional practices and medicinal systems such as Ayurveda, originating in India. It highlights the cultural and regional significance of Ayurvedic methodologies in treating diseases like COVID-19 utilizing indigenous herbs, dietary practices, and holistic approaches.

9) Pain:
Pain is a significant symptom associated with many illnesses, impacting quality of life. In Ayurveda, understanding the type of pain helps in identifying the underlying imbalance and applying suitable therapies to manage it. Addressing pain effectively is vital for patient recovery and well-being.

10) Vomiting:
Vomiting is a symptom that can arise in response to infections, including COVID-19. Ayurveda categorizes vomiting as a result of imbalances that require specific treatment approaches to restore health. Addressing this symptom helps in minimizing discomfort and supporting overall recovery.

11) Food:
Food is integral to Ayurvedic practices, being the primary source of nourishment and energy. Ayurvedic dietary guidelines focus on balancing the body's doshas and enhancing immunity, particularly important during health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthy food habits can contribute to reducing disease vulnerability.

12) Diet:
Diet encompasses the types of foods consumed and their relation to health. In Ayurveda, diet is tailored to individual needs, promoting balance and supporting immune function. A proper diet during illness such as COVID-19 can lead to better recovery outcomes and systemic health.

13) Drug:
Drugs in the context of Ayurveda refer to natural substances including herbs, minerals, and compounds used for treating ailments. Ayurvedic formulations are designed to address specific health conditions, draw on traditional use, and can play a role in managing diseases like COVID-19.

14) Varanasi (Varanashi):
Varanasi is a significant cultural and spiritual city in India, known for its ancient Ayurvedic practices and educational institutions. The city represents a historical backdrop for the development and dissemination of Ayurveda, influencing contemporary practices in health and wellness management.

15) Rasayana (Rasa-ayana):
Rasayana refers to rejuvenation therapies in Ayurveda aimed at enhancing vitality, immunity, and longevity. Such treatments play a critical role in preventive healthcare and can be particularly useful in managing and recovering from infectious diseases like COVID-19 by improving the overall health.

16) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita, or clarified butter, is a common medium for Ayurvedic medicinal formulations. It enhances drug efficacy, promotes digestion, and is believed to nourish tissues. Ghrita is crucial in many Ayurvedic treatments, especially in managing symptoms and supporting recovery in various health conditions.

17) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological refers to the study of how substances interact with biological systems, encompassing drug action, effects, and therapeutic uses. Understanding pharmacology enables practitioners to integrate Ayurvedic medicine's natural remedies with conventional medical approaches, enhancing patient treatment outcomes.

18) Agnivesha (Agnivesa, Agni-vesha):
Agnivesa is a historical figure in Ayurveda, known for compiling significant texts like the 'Agnivesa Samhita,' which guides Ayurvedic principles and treatments. His contributions form the bedrock of Ayurvedic medicine, providing essential knowledge for managing diseases including modern challenges like COVID-19.

19) Activity:
Activity refers to the effects produced by interventions, whether therapeutic or lifestyle. In the context of Ayurveda, monitoring activity helps in assessing the effectiveness of treatments, such as how various herbal medications elicit immune responses in patients managing conditions like COVID-19.

20) Arjuna:
Arjuna, a tree native to India, is prized in Ayurveda for its medicinal properties, particularly in treating cardiovascular issues. Its applications may extend to modern diseases, aiding in improved heart health, which is crucial in the context of respiratory illnesses like COVID-19.

21) Caraka:
Caraka was an ancient Ayurvedic physician whose texts laid foundational principles of Ayurveda. His work emphasizes systematic understanding of diseases and their treatments, proving invaluable in today's context when employing Ayurvedic methods for modern ailments such as COVID-19.

22) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
Sharma is a common surname in India and may refer to practitioners or scholars in Ayurveda. Acknowledging individual contributions from scholars named Sharma can provide insight into Ayurvedic practices, including their relevance in addressing contemporary health issues like COVID-19.

23) Nasya (Nashya):
Nasya is an Ayurvedic treatment method involving nasal administration of medicinal substances. This therapy is used to manage respiratory issues and enhance immunity, making it relevant in today's context of addressing respiratory diseases like COVID-19. Nasya supports overall respiratory health and wellness.

24) Bala:
Bala refers to strength or vitality in both physical and mental contexts in Ayurveda. Inherent strength is pivotal when addressing health challenges, such as infections, where maintaining or enhancing 'Bala' can lead to better recovery from ailments like COVID-19.

25) Viti:
Viti, derived from 'vitiated,' denotes an imbalance in doshas within Ayurvedic principles. Recognizing when doshas become vitiated helps practitioners tailor treatment strategies to restore balance and promote healing in various diseases, including the management of COVID-19.

26) Soup:
Soup is often recommended in various cultures as a comforting and nourishing food. In Ayurveda, nutritious soups may support recovery from illness, providing essential nutrients and hydration, which are important for patients battling infections like COVID-19.

27) Viru:
Viru can refer to a wide range of contexts, but in relation to disease, it typically denotes virus or infectious agents. Understanding viral mechanisms is critical for developing effective treatments, especially in the context of diseases like COVID-19.

28) Sanskrit:
Sanskrit is the ancient language of India, in which classical Ayurvedic texts are written. Proficiency in Sanskrit allows practitioners to access and interpret original texts accurately, ensuring that traditional knowledge is preserved and applied appropriately for modern health challenges.

29) Nausea:
Nausea is a common symptom that often accompanies various illnesses, including COVID-19. In Ayurveda, nausea management typically involves herbs and dietary adjustments to restore balance, alleviating discomfort and improving overall patient experience during treatment.

30) Barley:
Barley is a nutritious grain that plays a vital role in Ayurvedic dietary recommendations. Rich in fiber and essential nutrients, barley supports digestive health and can be included in dietary strategies for managing symptoms and promoting recovery in various diseases.

31) Mridu (Mrdu):
Mridu translates to 'gentle' or 'mild' in Sanskrit, often used in Ayurvedic practices to denote therapies that are non-invasive or supportive in nature. Such approaches are essential in patient care, particularly relevant for those recovering from illnesses like COVID-19.

32) Tulsi:
Tulsi, or holy basil, is a revered herb in Ayurveda known for its numerous therapeutic benefits including immune support. Its relevance is particularly highlighted during health crises, as it can be integrated into treatment strategies aimed at preventing or managing COVID-19.

33) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa refers to the essence, taste, or flavor of a substance in Ayurvedic medicine, which is critical for formulating treatments. Understanding the 'Rasa' of medicinal herbs informs their therapeutic properties and appropriate applications in managing diseases such as COVID-19.

34) Yoga:
Yoga is an ancient practice that encompasses physical, mental, and spiritual disciplines intended to promote health and well-being. Its incorporation alongside Ayurvedic treatments can enhance recovery during illnesses like COVID-19 by fostering resilience, flexibility, and mental clarity.

35) Kasa (Kasha):
Kasa refers to cough in Ayurveda, recognized as a symptom of respiratory conditions. Ayurvedic treatments for Kasa involve herbal remedies and therapies aimed at alleviating cough and restoring respiratory health, a goal important in managing conditions like COVID-19.

36) Salt (Salty):
Salty refers to a flavor that can denote dietary aspects in Ayurveda. Its applications are found in therapeutic formulations that balance taste preferences and promote overall health, particularly relevant in nutrition-focused treatments.

37) Rubia cordifolia:
Rubia cordifolia, or Indian madder, is a plant valued in Ayurveda for its medicinal properties. Its extracts are used for their potential health benefits, which may assist in various treatments, including those aimed at improving overall health during or after infections.

38) Vitis vinifera:
Vitis vinifera, or grapevine, is famous for its health-promoting attributes and antioxidant properties. It is often employed in both traditional and contemporary medicine practices to enhance immunity and overall wellness, of particular interest during health crises such as COVID-19.

39) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plants that offer health benefits. Their study is essential in Ayurveda and modern pharmacology, as many traditional remedies derive their efficacy from these compounds. Understanding these interactions can inform better therapeutic approaches in disease management.

40) Cinnamon:
Cinnamon is a widely used spice in cooking and traditional medicine, known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In Ayurveda, it is often utilized in dietary formulations to enhance health and can be integral in addressing symptoms related to viral infections.

41) Mishra (Misra):
Mishra is a common surname in India, often referring to Ayurvedic practitioners or scholars. Contributions from individuals named Mishra can encompass various aspects of Ayurvedic medicine, providing insights into traditional practices relevant for contemporary health issues, including COVID-19.

42) Cancer:
Cancer represents a complex group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. Research into cancer treatments often overlaps with Ayurvedic principles, encouraging the integration of traditional herbal therapies alongside contemporary medical practices, mainly focusing on overall health enhancement.

43) Reason:
Reason refers to logical explanations or justifications for actions or beliefs. In healthcare, understanding the reasoning behind treatment choices, especially from Ayurvedic perspectives, aids in creating effective management strategies for illnesses like COVID-19 through systematic analysis.

44) Sutra:
Sutra literally means 'thread' in Sanskrit, often representing a concise guideline or rule in ancient texts. In Ayurveda, each 'Sutra' provides essential insights into diagnostic and treatment principles, guiding practitioners in formulating effective approaches for patient care.

45) Hindi (Himdi):
Hindi is one of the major languages in India, used in literature and communication. In Ayurveda, translating texts into Hindi makes ancient knowledge more accessible to a broader audience, promoting a deeper understanding of traditional practices in modern contexts.

46) Blood:
Blood is crucial for life, transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste. In Ayurveda, blood health is often evaluated in treatment plans, understanding that a balance of the body's systems, including healthy blood flow, is vital for recovery during illnesses like COVID-19.

47) Cina:
China plays a significant role in the global context of health, including the origins and response to COVID-19. Understanding public health strategies, medicinal practices, and traditional knowledge from China may inform complementary approaches in Ayurvedic medicine.

48) Sida (Shida):
Sida refers to a genus of flowering plants, some of which have medicinal properties recognized in traditional practices. Their application in Ayurveda often focuses on promoting health and managing various ailments, contributing to effective treatment methodologies.

49) Roga:
Roga means disease or condition in Sanskrit, representing the concept of illness that Ayurveda seeks to diagnose and treat. Understanding 'Roga' helps practitioners develop personalized treatment regimes addressing the unique constitution and current health of patients.

50) Rich (Rch):
Rich indicates abundance in quantity or quality and is often used to describe nutrient-dense foods in dietary contexts. In Ayurveda, including 'rich' foods in a dietary regimen enhances health, providing essential vitamins and minerals necessary for recovery from diseases.

51) Line:
Line generally means a sequence or method. In Ayurvedic terms, it often refers to a methodical approach to diagnosis and treatment. Establishing a 'line of treatment' ensures systematic care that aligns with the holistic principles foundational to Ayurveda.

52) Gaura:
Gaur is often a surname in India and could refer to an Ayurvedic practitioner or scholar. Contributions from individuals named Gaur can provide insights into Ayurvedic practices and their applications, particularly relevant for diseases like COVID-19.

53) Glycyrrhiza glabra:
Glycyrrhiza glabra, commonly known as licorice, is recognized in Ayurveda for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. It plays an important role in treating respiratory ailments, making it relevant in managing symptoms during infections like COVID-19.

54) Withania somnifera:
Withania somnifera, or ashwagandha, is an adaptogenic herb in Ayurveda known for its stress-relieving and immune-boosting properties. Its usage is particularly beneficial during health crises, aiding recovery and enhancing resilience in the face of challenges such as COVID-19.

55) Adhatoda vasica:
Adhatoda vasica, or vasaka, is a crucial plant in Ayurvedic medicine used for respiratory health. Known for its therapeutic properties, it can help alleviate cough and support lung function, thereby holding importance in managing respiratory conditions like COVID-19.

56) Piper longum:
Piper longum, often called long pepper, is valued in Ayurveda for its medicinal properties, particularly in promoting respiratory health. Its role in enhancing drug absorption and addressing cough issues makes it relevant in the context of treating diseases like COVID-19.

57) Tribulus terrestris:
Tribulus terrestris is a plant widely recognized for its health benefits in traditional medicine. In Ayurvedic treatment, it is often utilized as a tonic to improve physical strength and overall health, contributing to managing symptoms during illness.

58) Terminalia arjuna:
Terminalia arjuna is commonly used in Ayurveda for cardiovascular health and improving circulation. Its applications are crucial in contemporary health discussions, particularly regarding preventive strategies and management of heart-related issues during illnesses like COVID-19.

59) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
Susruta-samhita is an ancient Sanskrit text focused on surgical techniques and treatment strategies in Ayurveda. Its detailed insights are invaluable for modern Ayurvedic practitioners, providing foundational knowledge applicable in managing various health conditions, including contemporary diseases.

60) Caraka-samhita:
Caraka-samhita is a foundational Ayurvedic text that outlines principles of diagnosis and treatment of diseases. It serves as a framework for practitioners to develop personalized care plans, ensuring informed methods to manage health crises like COVID-19 effectively.

61) Tridoshaja (Tridosaja):
Tridoshaja signifies conditions arising from the imbalance of the three doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) in Ayurveda. Recognizing a 'Tridoshaja' nature helps practitioners tailor treatment strategies that address the core imbalances contributing to ailments, including responses to infectious diseases.

62) Shatavari (Satavari):
Shatavari is an Ayurvedic herb known for its adaptogenic and reproductive health benefits. Its role in bolstering the immune system makes it relevant in treatment strategies aimed at improving overall resilience against infections like COVID-19.

63) Knowledge:
Knowledge pertains to the understanding and information that informs practices. In Ayurveda, accumulating knowledge through texts and traditions allows practitioners to develop effective treatment plans, ensuring that patients receive care that is informed and based on historical wisdom.

64) Medicine:
Medicine refers to substances used for treating diseases, including traditional and modern approaches. In Ayurveda, the focus remains on herbal remedies and natural treatments that are tailored to individual needs, promoting holistic healing in managing conditions such as COVID-19.

65) Coconut (Cocoanut):
Coconut is valued in Ayurveda for its versatile uses, from dietary applications to medicinal properties. Its water and oil are often used for hydration and enhancing overall health, making it a relevant ingredient in Ayurvedic management during illness.

66) Kshaya (Ksaya):
Kshaya refers to depletion or loss in Ayurveda, connected to various states of disease. Recognizing 'Kshaya' helps prioritize interventions that restore balance and replenish strength, particularly important in conditions like COVID-19 that may cause systemic weakness.

67) Aruci:
Aruchi means loss of appetite in Ayurveda, indicating an imbalance in the digestive system. Managing Aruchi is vital for recovery during illness as it could lead to nutritional deficiencies, especially in patients dealing with complex conditions like COVID-19.

68) Shati (Sati):
Shati refers to a herb used in Ayurvedic practices, recognized for its medicinal properties. The application of Shati or its formulations in treatment can support various health outcomes, particularly in the management of respiratory issues and general well-being.

69) Storm:
Storm in a medical context can refer to a cytokine storm, a severe immune response mechanism in COVID-19. Understanding these hyper-inflammatory responses guides treatment decisions, integrating strategies from Ayurveda to support immune balance and reduce complications.

70) Study (Studying):
Study refers to the systematic investigation aimed at discovering new information or validating existing knowledge. In medical research, study becomes crucial for understanding conditions like COVID-19, leading to the formulation of evidence-based therapeutic protocols.

71) Vasa (Vasha):
Vasa (Adhatoda vasica) is an important herb in Ayurveda known for its effectiveness in respiratory disorders. Used for its anti-inflammatory and mucolytic properties, it plays a significant role in managing cough and respiratory symptoms, pertinent for COVID-19 cases.

72) Milk:
Milk is a vital nutritional substance in Ayurvedic diets, valued for its nourishing and strengthening properties. Its role in recovery from illness, especially respiratory conditions, is profound, often included in diets to support overall health and healing.

73) Life:
Life signifies the importance of maintaining health and vitality through balanced living. In Ayurveda, promoting life encompasses all aspects of well-being, guiding practitioners to treat diseases holistically, enhancing both physical and mental health.

74) Salt water:
Salty water is often used therapeutically in Ayurveda for various rinses and gargles. Its applications extend to facilitating respiratory comfort and supporting overall wellness, proving useful for alleviating symptoms associated with respiratory conditions.

75) Rock salt:
Rock salt is a natural form of salt used in Ayurveda for its various health benefits. It is often incorporated into therapeutic protocols for its purifying and balancing effects, vital for maintaining health during viral infections.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 214]