Comparative Analysis of Abhavitha and Bhavitha Choorna by HPTLC
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: A Comparative Analysis of Abhavitha and Bhavitha Choorna of Dried Whole Plant of Mandukaparni- Centella Asiatica (Linn.) Urban. Through High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Priyanka Narang
PG Scholar, Department of Dravyagunavijnanam, Government Ayurveda College, Tripunithura, Kerala, India
P Y Ansary
Professor & HOD, Department of Dravyagunavijnanam, Government Ayurveda College, Tripunithura, Kerala, India
Sara Monsy Oommen
Professor & HOD, Department of Dravyagunavijnanam, Government Ayurveda College, Kannur, Pariyaram, Kerala, India
Shincymol V V
Associate Professor, Department of Dravyaguna vijnanam, Government Ayurveda College, Tripunithura, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Honey Thomas
Assistant professor, Department of Dravyaguna vijnanam, Government Ayurveda College, Tripunithura, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: A Comparative Analysis of Abhavitha and Bhavitha Choorna of Dried Whole Plant of Mandukaparni- Centella Asiatica (Linn.) Urban. Through High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography
Year: 2023 | Doi: 10.47070/ayushdhara.v10i2.1172
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The article presents a comparative analysis of two forms of powdered herbal preparations from the plant Mandukaparni, known as Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban, utilizing High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). The study delves into Abhavitha choorna, which is the unprocessed dried powder, and Bhavitha choorna, which is the same powder subjected to the Bhavana process involving soaking it in the plant's freshly extracted juice, or swarasa. The aim of this research is to evaluate the alterations in phytochemical constituents between the two formulations and understand the impact of the Bhavana procedure on the therapeutic potential of the herb.
Enhanced Concentration of Phytochemicals
One significant finding from the study is the noticeable enhancement in the concentration of phytochemical constituents in Bhavitha choorna as compared to Abhavitha choorna. HPTLC analysis at both 254 nm and 366 nm wavelengths revealed that, although the number of peaks representing various phytoconstituents remained consistent between the two choornas, the area under the peaks for Bhavitha choorna was substantially greater. This increase indicates that the Bhavana process not only retains the beneficial components but also amplifies their concentrations, thereby potentially enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of the herbal formulation.
Consistent Phytochemical Profile
Despite the differences in concentration, both forms of choorna demonstrated a consistent phytochemical profile, with no new compounds discovered in Bhavitha choorna that were not already present in Abhavitha choorna. The HPTLC results indicated overlapping peaks at certain Rf values, signifying that the fundamental phytochemicals, including flavonoids and other bioactive constituents, remained intact across both preparations. This consistency points to the reliability of the HPTLC technique as a method for profiling and analyzing herbal medicines and reflects the stability of the active ingredients during the traditional processing methods like Bhavana.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the comparative study elucidates that the Bhavana process significantly increases the concentration of therapeutic phytochemicals in Bhavitha choorna without altering the essential phytochemical composition found in Abhavitha choorna. The research underscores the importance of traditional processing techniques in enhancing the medicinal properties of herbal formulations, lending credibility to practices in Ayurveda. The results advocate for further exploration into the pharmacological implications of these findings, reinforcing that traditional methodologies can yield more potent herbal medicines.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of the comparative analysis of Choorna?
The study aims to compare the chemical constituents of Abhavitha choorna and Bhavitha choorna of Mandukaparni, using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) to assess the effects of the Bhavana process on phytochemical concentration.
What were the main findings regarding phytochemical concentration?
Results indicated that the Bhavitha choorna had increased concentrations of phytochemicals compared to Abhavitha choorna. This suggests that the Bhavana process significantly enhances the therapeutic efficacy of the herb Centella asiatica.
What are the key chemical constituents of Mandukaparni?
Mandukaparni (Centella asiatica) is rich in flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and other compounds, providing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties useful in various therapeutic applications.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Comparative Analysis of Abhavitha and Bhavitha Choorna by HPTLC�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Powder:
The term 'powder' refers to the dried and finely ground form of the Mandukaparni plant. In this study, different forms of powder, Abhavitha choorna and Bhavitha choorna, are compared using HPTLC to measure changes in the phytochemical composition after processing with Bhavana.
2) Drug:
Mandukaparni, also known as Centella asiatica, is the main herb discussed. It is a significant drug in Ayurveda known for its therapeutic potential, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The study focuses on ensuring the drug's purity and enhancing its efficacy through specific Ayurvedic processes.
3) Mandukaparni (Manduka-parni, Mamdukaparni):
Mandukaparni, botanically known as Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban, is the focal herb in the study. It holds significant relevance in Ayurvedic medicine due to its numerous therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypouricemic activities. It is one of the primary drugs explored in both its raw and processed forms.
4) Bhavana (Bha-vana):
Bhavana is an Ayurvedic process involving the soaking of a powdered drug in its own juice (swarasa) to enhance its potency. In this study, Mandukaparni choorna undergoes Bhavana to create Bhavitha choorna, which is then analyzed using HPTLC to measure changes in phytochemical concentrations.
5) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a type of phytochemical present in Mandukaparni that contribute to its therapeutic properties. These compounds, including quercetin and rutin, exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, making them crucial for the drug's efficacy. Their presence was analyzed in both Abhavitha and Bhavitha choorna forms using HPTLC.
6) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the traditional Indian system of medicine, under which the study of Mandukaparni (Centella asiatica) is conducted. The research includes Ayurvedic methods such as Bhavana and the creation of different choorna (powder) forms to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of herbal drugs.
7) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological activities refer to the drug effects observed in Mandukaparni, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypouricemic properties. The study aims to enhance these pharmacological effects through the Ayurvedic process of Bhavana, as validated by HPTLC analysis.
8) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
Dravyaguna is the Ayurvedic science dealing with the properties and actions of drugs. In this study, it is concerned with understanding the enhanced therapeutic actions of Mandukaparni (Centella asiatica) when it undergoes the Bhavana process, as evidenced by changes in phytochemical concentrations observed through HPTLC.
9) Kalpana:
Choorna Kalpana, which refers to the preparation of drugs in the form of a fine powder, is essential in Ayurvedic formulations. In this study, Mandukaparni is processed into Abhavitha choorna and Bhavitha choorna to compare their phytochemical compositions and therapeutic efficacies using HPTLC.
10) Kerala:
Kerala is a state in India where the Government Ayurveda College Tripunithura, the research institution conducting the study on Mandukaparni, is located. The fresh whole plant of Mandukaparni was collected from the Puthiyakavu village in Ernakulam district, Kerala.
11) Thomas:
Honey Thomas is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Dravyaguna Vijnanam at the Government Ayurveda College Tripunithura, Kerala. She contributed to the study on Mandukaparni by providing constant encouragement and help with the research assignment.
12) Kalka:
Kalka kalpana is an Ayurvedic preparation method where the herb is ground into a paste. Mandukaparni swarasa, used in Bhavana, is the juice extracted from the fresh Kalka of the drug to enhance its potency. This method was essential for creating Bhavitha choorna for the HPTLC analysis.
13) Honey:
Honey Thomas is one of the Assistant Professors involved in the study of Mandukaparni (Centella asiatica). She belongs to the Department of Dravyaguna Vijnanam at the Government Ayurveda College Tripunithura and provided constant support and help with the assignment.
14) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals, such as flavonoids and triterpenoids, are compounds found in Mandukaparni that contribute to its medicinal properties. The study uses HPTLC to analyze the phytochemical changes between Abhavitha choorna and Bhavitha choorna, showcasing enhanced concentrations after the Bhavana process.
15) Vayasthapana (Vaya-sthapana):
Mandukaparni is classified under Vayasthapana Mahakasaya by Acharya Charaka in Ayurvedic texts. This refers to its rejuvenative properties that help in maintaining youthfulness and longevity, making it a vital herb in Ayurvedic medicine.
16) Mahakashaya (Mahakasaya, Maha-kashaya):
Mandukaparni is included under the Vayasthapana Mahakasaya group by Acharya Charaka, indicating its potent rejuvenative properties in Ayurveda. This classification underscores its importance in promoting longevity and overall wellness.
17) Bhaishajya (Bhaisajya):
Bhaishajya Ratnavali is a classical Ayurvedic text that provides the reference for the Bhavana vidhi process used in this study. It outlines the method for soaking Mandukaparni powder in its swarasa to enhance therapeutic potency, central to creating Bhavitha choorna.
18) Discussion:
The discussion in the study elucidates the comparative findings between Abhavitha and Bhavitha choorna of Mandukaparni based on HPTLC. It highlights the enhancements in drug potency and phytochemical concentration due to the Bhavana process.
19) Drowsiness:
Previous studies suggested that the Bhavana process, which intensifies the drug's potency, should be repeated three times to control adverse effects like drowsiness. This standardization ensures the safety and efficacy of the enhanced Mandukaparni choorna.
20) Medicine:
Mandukaparni, analyzed in this study, serves as a crucial herbal medicine with various therapeutic properties in Ayurveda. The study examines how traditional processes like Bhavana can enhance its medicinal efficacy.
21) Vijnana:
Dravyaguna Vijnana is the Ayurvedic discipline focusing on the study of the properties and medicinal uses of drugs. This department at Government Ayurveda College, Tripunithura, led the research on the enhancement of Mandukaparni's therapeutic properties through Bhavana.
22) Village:
The fresh whole plant of Mandukaparni used in this study was collected from Puthiyakavu village in Ernakulam district, Kerala. This location ensured the availability of unadulterated and high-quality plant material for the research.
23) Dravya:
Dravya refers to a substance or material used in Ayurvedic medicine. Mandukaparni is the primary dravya studied, with research focusing on enhancing its therapeutic efficacy through traditional processes such as Bhavana.
24) Purity:
Ensuring the purity of Mandukaparni is crucial in Ayurvedic medicine. By using HPTLC, the study checks for adulteration and guarantees that both Abhavitha and Bhavitha choorna formulations are pure and effective, maintaining high standards of herbal drug quality.
25) Vidhi:
Bhavana vidhi, as outlined in Bhaishajya Ratnavali, describes the method for preparing Bhavitha choorna by soaking the powdered Mandukaparni in its juice. This process is essential for enhancing the drug's phytochemical concentration and therapeutic potency.
26) Gupta:
A previous study by Gupta Abhishek et al. in 2014 is mentioned, which identified asiatic acid, asiaticoside, and madecassoside in Centella asiatica using HPTLC. Similar findings in this study indicate the effectiveness of the Bhavana process in increasing phytochemical concentration.
27) India:
India is the country where the research was conducted, specifically at the Government Ayurveda Colleges in Kerala. This reflects the country's strong tradition and scientific study of Ayurvedic medicine, which includes the analysis of Mandukaparni.
28) Ayus (Ayush):
AYUSH refers to the Indian system of medicine, encompassing Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy. The journal AYUSHDHARA publishes research in these fields, including the study on Mandukaparni's enhanced therapeutic properties.
29) Sara (Shara):
Sara Monsy Oommen is one of the professors from the Government Ayurveda College, Kannur, involved in the study. She is a key contributor to the research on Mandukaparni, focusing on its phytochemical analysis and therapeutic enhancement.
30) Soil:
Soil impurities must be thoroughly washed off the Mandukaparni plant before drying and processing. Ensuring the removal of physical impurities like soil is crucial for maintaining the purity and quality of the herbal drug.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Comparative Analysis of Abhavitha and Bhavitha Choorna by HPTLC�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Therapeutic efficacy, Swarasa, High performance thin layer chromatography, Mandukaparni Centella asiatica, Rf value, Densitometry, Total area, Bhavana-proces, Phytochemical constituent.