Formulation and evaluation of rice bran wax as ointment base
Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Formulation and evaluation of rice bran wax as ointment base
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:
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M Bhalekar, Lavhale Manish, Sini Krishna
Ancient Science of Life:
(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)
Full text available for: Formulation and evaluation of rice bran wax as ointment base
Year: 2004
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Rice bran wax, a byproduct of the rice bran oil industry, is derived from the cuticle found between rice grains and their husk. Notably abundant in countries that produce rice, this wax has demonstrated its utility in various applications, including formulations for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The present study investigates the potential of rice bran wax as an alternative ointment base in comparison to conventional materials, particularly white wax, assessing its physical properties and efficacy in drug formulation.
Suitability of Rice Bran Wax as an Ointment Base
The study evaluated the formulation of rice bran wax-based ointments in terms of spreadability, water number, and drug release capabilities. The findings revealed that ointments containing rice bran wax exhibited superior spreadability compared to those made with white wax, particularly with increased proportions of rice bran wax enhancing this property. Additionally, the water number, which indicates the maximum water absorption capacity of the ointment base, was higher for formulations using rice bran wax, reflecting its hydrophilic nature when compared to the standard. The in-vitro release of a model drug, salicylic acid, was also comparable to that from white wax ointment, demonstrating that rice bran wax meets the necessary criteria for effective drug delivery in topical applications.
Conclusion
The results of this study confirm that rice bran wax serves as a viable and effective component in formulating ointment bases, presenting a cheaper alternative to traditional waxes like white wax. Its advantageous properties, including enhanced spreadability and water absorption, support its incorporation into pharmaceutical formulations. Consequently, rice bran wax can be considered a valuable ingredient in the development of ointment bases, permitting further exploration and application in various cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is rice bran wax and where does it come from?
Rice bran wax is obtained from the cuticle between rice and the husk. It is a byproduct of the rice bran oil industry and can be separated through filtration or centrifugation.
How is rice bran wax used in pharmaceutical formulations?
The study explored rice bran wax as an ointment base. It was evaluated for spreadability, water number, and active ingredient diffusibility, proving to be a viable and cost-effective alternative to conventional materials.
What were the evaluation criteria for the ointment base?
The ointment bases were evaluated based on spreadability, water-absorbing capacity (water number), and in-vitro drug release of salicylic acid, indicating the performance compared to white wax ointments.
What were the main findings of the study on rice bran wax?
Results showed rice bran wax exhibited good spreadability and release characteristics, comparable to white wax. Increased proportions of rice bran wax improved spreadability and water absorption, suggesting its effectiveness in ointment formulations.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Formulation and evaluation of rice bran wax as ointment base��. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Rice (Ṛce):
Rice is the primary agricultural product from which rice bran wax is derived. The study focuses on Oryza sativa, the scientific name for rice, highlighting the importance of rice bran as a cuticle that contains valuable components for various uses, particularly in the formulation of ointment bases in pharmaceuticals.
2) Water:
Water in this context refers to its role in evaluating the ointment base's water number, a measure of the maximum amount of water that can be incorporated into the ointment. This property is crucial for determining the hydrophilic nature and absorption characteristics of the ointment formulation containing rice bran wax.
3) Drug:
The term drug in the study reigns as it is essential for assessing the efficacy of the ointment base. Salicylic acid is used as a model drug to evaluate the release kinetics from the ointment formulations. Understanding drug release is key to determining therapeutic efficacy for skin applications.
4) Glass:
Glass is referenced in the methodology for measuring spreadability of the ointment samples. The use of glass slides in the experimental setup showcases a simple yet effective apparatus for ensuring consistent and measurable physical properties of the ointment formulations, such as spreadability and texture.
5) Purification:
Purification refers to the critical process through which rice bran wax is refined for use in the study. The purification process ensures the removal of impurities, resulting in a wax that meets pharmacological standards necessary for formulating high-quality ointments in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
6) Discussion:
The discussion section of the study interprets the experimental results and compares rice bran wax with white wax as an ointment base. It evaluates the physical and release properties, drawing conclusions about the potential applications of rice bran wax in formulations, thereby promoting further exploration in this field.
7) Krishna (Kṛṣṇ��, Kṛṣṇa):
Krishna is one of the authors involved in this research study. Author attribution is significant when discussing credibility and expertise in the subject matter, indicating that Krishna contributed to the exploration of rice bran wax as a pharmaceutical ointment base and its properties.
8) Lavhale (Lavhāle):
Lavhale is another co-author of the study, signifying shared research efforts and contributions. Author names in scientific publications help establish the identity and reputation of researchers in their field, thus providing context for the findings related to the formulation and evaluation of the ointment base.
9) Science (Scientific):
Science encompasses the systematic investigation and understanding of natural phenomena. In this study, it represents the scientific methods applied to evaluate the efficacy of rice bran wax as an ointment base, emphasizing the importance of rigorous methodologies in developing safe and effective pharmaceutical products.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ��Formulation and evaluation of rice bran wax as ointment base��. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Fusion method, In vitro drug release, Spreadability test, Commercially available, Ointment base, Soxhlet extraction process, Model drug, Salicylic acid release, Evaluation of formulation.