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CHAPTER FOURTEEN POLITICAL DATA鈥�(1) ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS OF TERRITORY鈥擳he government of these days was monarchical. It has been explicitly declared in the Srngaramanjari-katha of Bhoja, that the emperor ruled over eighty-four feudatories, in twelve circle commissioners, thirty-six i royal families, seventy-two chieftens of forest tribes, twenty-four village chieftains, twenty-one chieftains of Konkana and thirty-six tribes living in ports. Dr. D.C. Ganguly² informs us that the whole kingdom was Ann divided 2 into a number of provinces (mandala), each of which was again divided into districts (bhoga). Each Bhoga was subdivided into Pathakas, which in turn were further subdivided into Pratijagaranas, which were further split into groups, each of which was consisted of a certain number of villages. The village was the lowest unit of territorial divisions. Besides these there were a number of cities and towns which probably served as provincial and district head quarters respectively. 1. SMK, P. 66 : sah caturasiteh samantanam dvadasanam ca mandalesvaranam sat trimsatasca rajakulikanam dvasaptale sara vi kapa llipatinam cam caturvimsateh karyarana mem kavimsatah kokananam sa ttrimsatasva velakulana madhipatyamakarot | + 2. HPD,pp.235-236.

Dhanapala has mentioned only three territorial de denominations, viz., Mandala-vibhaga, Mandala-grama, and Nagara. 3 Thus, Kasmira and Dravida were Mandalas." 4 The land granted for maintenance of temples was known as 5 'Devagrahara'. Vast territories bequeathed to princes and his royal dependents for personal expenses were known by the term 'Bhukti', and the boundaries were well-marked by watershed.