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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The article discusses the significance of the "Jame-at-Tawarikh" by Rachid-ad-Din as a vital source for Mongolian studies. It argues that a thorough analytical judgment is essential for understanding the value of this historical work. While Rachid-ad-Din lists several important sources, he notably omits "L'Histoire Secrète des Mongols," even though it significantly influenced his writing. The text elucidates the complications surrounding this omission and highlights the nature of the sources that inform both "Jame-at-Tawarikh" and "L'Histoire Secrète."

Influence of "L'Histoire Secrète des Mongols"

One of the primary points of the article is that "L'Histoire Secrète des Mongols" served as a critical source for the first part of "Jame-at-Tawarikh," particularly in detailing the history leading up to Ogodai Qa'an, Gengis Khan's successor. This secret history chronicles the familial and mythical origins of Gengis Khan, emphasizing the sacredness of the narrative for the Mongols. Notably, Rachid-ad-Din’s avoidance of references to this work may stem from its perceived sacredness and intimacy within Mongolian culture, suggesting that the Persians may have had difficulty reconciling its significance with their historical narrative.

The Treatment of Gengis Khan’s Ancestry

The article contrasts how both texts present the ancestry of Gengis Khan. "L'Histoire Secrète" begins with Borta-Čino, a legendary ancestor, and elaborates on his lineage, while Rachid-ad-Din briefly mentions Borta-Čino and provides a truncated genealogy. The details in the narratives differ significantly, as the Persian historian focuses more on the dignified traits of the ancestors while downplaying their hardships and humility. The article points out that Rachid-ad-Din’s adaptation of the genealogies leans towards an embellished historical account, aligning with the expectations of his audience.

Gengis Khan’s Rise to Power

Another vital aspect discussed is the portrayal of Gengis Khan's rise to power and the conflicts that shaped his path. Both texts recount his life events, such as his birth under auspicious signs and the subsequent struggles during his adolescence. Notably, Rachid-ad-Din’s version highlights Gengis Khan’s strategic alliances and military campaigns, drawing from "L'Histoire Secrète" while also incorporating his own stylistic adaptations. The contrasts in detail illustrate the differences in focus; where "L'Histoire Secrète" provides a rich epic narrative, "Jame-at-Tawarikh" adopts a more formal and expansive historical approach.

Conclusion

The comparison between "L'Histoire Secrète des Mongols" and "Jame-at-Tawarikh" reveals essential insights into how history is constructed and represented across cultures. While "L'Histoire Secrète" serves as a poetic homage to Gengis Khan's legacy, glorifying his life and achievements, Rachid-ad-Din's account aspires to serve as a comprehensive historical record. The two texts contribute significantly to Mongolian historiography, but they adopt different narrative styles and emphases, offering contrasting lenses through which to view the same historical events. This analysis underscores the complexities of cultural narratives and the role of historical sources in shaping collective memory.