Essay name: Scythian Elements in early Indian Art
Author:
Swati Ray
Affiliation: University of Calcutta / Department of Ancient Indian History and Culture
This essay studies Scythian Elements in early Indian Art—a topic that has not garnered extensive scholarly attention. Although much research has focused on various aspects of Saka/Scythian culture, such as politics and numismatics, their contribution to Indian art remains underexplored. This essay delves into archaeological evidence, historical texts, and art forms from Eurasian steppes to decipher the Scythian impact.
Chapter 4 - Scythian / Saka Art
87 (of 115)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
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resembling those in the Scythian tombs of the Volga and Ural regions.
Weapons similar to that of the Scythian nomads were found. Further
burials resembling Pazyryk were found at Bashadar where the wooden
coffin sides were decorated with a carved row of four tigers advancing from
left to right. The coffin lids had stags, wild boars, mountain goats, in a
more flexible style than Pazyryk. Sixteen horses interned there must have
belonged to a tribe similar to that of Pazyryk. Pazyryk horse representations
display trimmed manes (there are a felt carpet and a bone saddle-inlay to
illustrate this) which, according to V.B Kovalevskaya, is one of the
characteristic features of a saddle horse. V.O. Vitt presumed that the
practice of trimming equine mane had most probably developed among the
Śaka and Scythian tribesmen who were born archers.1
In 1991 excavation was made of the larger barrow of a complex at
Kuturguntas in Pazyryk. Surviving grave goods included fragments of fur
clothings, felt appliqués, and metal and wooden objects which are parallel
to those found in other Pazyryk graves. These medium sized barrows
contained thoroughbred horses in them. The burial there of ten horses had
not been disturbed although only the wooden bridle decorations of the
principal (Master's horse) survive well. These again show the popularity of
¹V.O.Vitt, Loshadi, ‘Pazyrykskikh Kurganov', Sov. Arkh., No.XVI, Leningrad, 1952,
p.198.
