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[Full title: (B) The Southern or Dravidian Phase; (iii) The Chola Phase (c. 900-1150 A.D.)]

The temples of this phase do not exhibit a material alteration in the structural plan and arrangements but are marked by the introduction of new elements. The Pallava lion-motif is replaced by conventional mouldings of griffnheads which afterwards becomes the characteristic of the South Indian style. The order of the pillars also have been changed. Two changes are discernible; one relating to the capital itself, and the other to the abacus above. The abacus is considerably expanded and combined with lotus-form underneath.40 Of the temples of this phase the most majestic is the temple of Brhadisvara 41 at Tanjore built by Rajaraja (985-1018). The temple has stupendous dimensions and is composed of several 38. IABH p. plt. LIV 39. IABH p. p. 99-100 40. IABH p. p. 103 41. IABH plt. LVII.

64 The Structural Temples of Gujarat structures such as the great tower, a large hall, a pillared portico and Nandi pavilion, arranged axially in the centre, of a large walled enclosure. The other striking example is the temple at Gurigai Konda Cholapuram 42 (Trichinopoly District) built by Rajendra Chola (1018-33). It is remarkable for its large mandapa supported on over 150 columns. Like the Tanjore example, the stylobate of this temple is decorated with large sculptures which form a striking feature of the Chola temple.43