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Brihatsamhita have described Surya as a dvibhuja deity with
Padma in his two hands. On the other hand, the Agni Purana鹿
the Vishnudharmottara Purana, 11 the Garuda Purana 12 etc. have
described Surya as Chaturbhuja or four handed deity. That means,
there were two type of Surya images in the imagination of the
Hindu theologist and accordingly some aspired him as a two
handed deity while some other considered him as being a four
handed deity. Apart from these two peculiarities some other
important iconographical traits of the Surya icons are as follows
Sapt膩艣ca峁嘺icakachakra艅 ca ratha艅 tashya Prakalpayet 13
i)
that means he is to be shown on a chariot with one wheel
and seven horses. 14
9. Bibhr膩峁嘺h Swakararuhe bahubhyan Pankaje mukutdh膩r墨
Kuntalabh奴sitabadanah Pralambah膩ro biyadgabrita (Bri:sam, 58/47)
That means sun shall be represented as holding a lotus in each
hands (two) as wearing a crown and pendants with a garland hanging
from his neck and as surrounded by Devas
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Iyer, N.C. (tr.): Brihat Samhita, 1987, p.290.
S奴ry膩jyam膩dirakhyohant膩艣catuhast膩 dwi峁ａ笉dale (A.P. 51:4)
This sloka has clearly stated that the deity like Surya, Aryama Agni
etc should always be consecrated as the four handed identities.
Chaturb膩hurmah膩teja岣� kabacen膩bhisa艅britah
(Visnu d Purana 3/67/3)
That means his colour is as red as Sindura. He has four arms.
He is dressed in northern style and wears armours. He is
adorned with all ornaments. Shah, P.(tr.) Vishnudharmottara
Purana (III Kanda), 1961, p.149.
O Bhagawan Parimitamayukham盲lin Sakalajagat Pate Sapt膩艣cab膩hana
Chaturbhuja Paramasiddhiprada bisphulinga Pingala bhadra ahyehi
墨damarghyan namah: (G.P. 1/16/23) cited from CHA, 1990,
Vol.I, p.401.
M.P 261/2.
Barpujari, H.K. (ed.): CHA, Vol.I, 1990, p.402.