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Kathas or stories are classified in several ways by traditional text writers as well as modern scholars. We will discuss some of the important classifications of

15 stories in the following diagrams basing on several sources as identified in each case. We come across mainly three categories of classifications viz. i. Classifications as available in Jaina Prakrit texts. (This is more relevant to us since Brihatkatha-Kosha, the text under our study, is a Jaina work) ii. Classifications as available in Sanskrit works on poetics iii. Classifications made by modern scholars I. The classifications as available in Prakrit texts: The various classifications available in different Prakrit texts are put in the following diagrams. 42 I 43 Story (katha) 44 45 on the basis of the theme on the basis of character on the basis of language on the basis of style i Vikatha" katha* Divine Human Mixed Sanskrit Prakrit Mixed Entire (sakala) Short Dialogue (khanda) (ullapa) Humour Excellent Mixed (parhasa) (vara) (samkarna)

46 *Vikatha 16 *Katha 47 Strikatha Bhaktakatha Desakatha Rajakatha Wealth Pleasure Virtue Mixed (stories with (stories with (artha) (kama) (dharma) (samkirna) description description (stories with (stories with description description of ladies) of food) of places, towns) of kings) Pleasant Unpleasant leading to catching distracting (aksepini) (viksepini) leading to knowledge detachment and and entertainment renunciation (samavedint) (nirvedini) 48 11.Classification of Story as found in Vasudevahindi of Sanghadasagani (6th. AD) Story (Katha) I Canta (life history of the great) Kalpita (imaginary fiction) Gent (pupusa) Lady (stri) Gent (purusa) 1 Lady (stri) Jattama Madhyama Niersta Uattama Madhyama Nikrsta Dattama Madhyama Nikrsta Vattama Madhyama Nikrsta

17 1.2. Classifications as found in Slokaramgraha of Buddharvamin 49 Story (katha) Virtue Wealth Happiness Liberation Health (dharma) (artha) (sukha) (nirvana) (cikitsa) 1.3. Classifications of story as found in Kuvalayamala of Udyotana Suri Story (katha) 50 Entire Short Dialogue Humorous Excellent Mixed (sakala) (khanda) (ullapa) (parihasa) (vara) (samkima) Virtue Wealth Pleasure (dharma) (artha) (kama) | axsepin vicsepini nirvedini samvedini

18 II. Classifications as given in the Sanskrit texts of poetics IL.1 Classifications as found in Srgaraprakasa of Bhoja Story (katha) 51 upakhyana akhyanaka rudarsana pravahlika manthalika manikulya parikatha khandakatha upakatha IL.2. Classification as found in - Kavyanusasana of Hemachandra 52 To the above nine varieties, Hemachandra adds 'Sakalakatha', and it becomes ten in total. IL.3. Classifications as found in --- Sahityadarpana of Visvanatha 53 Story (katha) akhyayika katha kathanika khanda parikatha sakalakatha akhyana upakhyana citrakatha upakatha III. Classifications by modern writers : III.1. The stories available in niryukti, bhasya, curni and tika have been classified by G.C. Choudhury into four categories viz. Historical, half-historical, religious and popular 54 iii.2. Dr.J.C.Jain classifies the stories into two varieties viz. kalpanika (didactic in character) and pauranika (satiating the thirst for knowledge and fulfilling the

19 55 religious need). He classifies the Jaina stories into nine varieties which are noted below 36 Jaina katha lokakatha nitikatha dantakatha parikatha pranikatha kalpitakatha drstantakatha laghukatha akhyana varta" 57 Keith calls the conversation story as katha and narrative as akhyayika³7. We shall discuss here only vikatha and katha with special reference to katha since this classification is all embrasive and relevant to our present study. The classification of stories into vikatha and katha is based on theme (visaya) (some say on the basis of story-teller). This classification is said to be found in Agama 58