Essay name: Tarkabhasa of Kesava Misra (study)
Author:
Nimisha Sarma
Affiliation: Gauhati University / Department of Sanskrit
This is an English study of the Tarkabhasa of Kesava Misra: a significant work of the syncretic Nyaya-Vaisesika school of Indian philosophy widely used as a beginner's textbook in southern India and has many commentaries. This study includes an extensive overview of the Nyaya and Vaisesika philosophy, epistemology and sources of valid knowledge. It further deals with the contents and commentaries of the Tarkabhasa.
Chapter 1 - Introduction
12 (of 29)
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and 12 V膩yupur膩峁嘺鲁7
37 states
that
Gautama flourished during the
time of J膩tukar峁噛a Vyasa. According to madhukanda and yaj帽avalkya k盲nda
of the Satapatha Br膩hma峁嘺 (k膩峁噕a recension) J膩tukarnya was a pupil of
38 Asurayana who lived about 550 B.C. From these remarks we can say that
Gautama also lived at about 550 B.C.
3. VAISE峁KA PHILOSOPHY
i) Origin of the Vaise峁ka Philosophy
The term Vaise峁ka is derived from the term vise峁, which means
particularity or distinguishing feature or distinction. It lays stress on
particularity (vise峁) of the eternal substances. Ether, space, time, souls,
internal organs, and the atoms of earth, water, fire and air are eternal. Each of
them has particularity which is its distinctive feature. Vaise峁ka emphasizes
the plurality and distinctness of physical things and Individual souls. Its
special feature is the doctrine of atomism. The Vais茅峁ka School is earlier than
P奴rvam墨m膩峁僺膩, Ved膩nta and the Nyaya School. We have found that
Vaise峁ka is a Pre-Buddhistic School. Vais茅峁ka sutras were written before
37.
38.
saptavimsatirme prapte parivarte kram膩gate,
j膩tukar峁噛o yad膩 vy膩so bhavisyati tapodhana岣�.201
tadaha峁� sambhavisy膩mi soma艣arm膩 dvijottama岣�,
prabh膩satirtham膩s膩dya yog膩tma lokavi艣ruta岣�.202
tatr膩pi mama te putr膩 bhavisyanti tapodhan膩岣�,
ak峁p膩da岣� kan膩dasca uluko vatsa eva ca.203
VPU. adhy膩ya. 23. as quoted in SBH. Vol. VIII. p. vi.
Vide Weber's HILT. p. 140. as quoted in Ibid. p. ix.
