Essay name: Svacchandatantra (history and structure)
Author: William James Arraj
The essay represents a study and partial English translation of the Svacchandatantra and its commentary, “Uddyota�, by Kshemaraja. The text, attributed to the deity Svacchanda-bhairava, has various names and demonstrates a complex history of transmission through diverse manuscript traditions in North India, Nepal, and beyond.
Page 349 of: Svacchandatantra (history and structure)
349 (of 511)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
Download the PDF file of the original publication
342
included instructions about the attainment of the elemental worlds
by concentration. 1 The continued transmission of this material
indicates a strong traditional association between the elements and
these meditations. Given the widespread accounts of elemental
meditations, Kṣemarāja�, accordingly, proceeds to supplement the
elliptical directives of Svacchandatantram with extracts from the
Pūrvaśāstram, which contains an extensive treatment of these
practices. 2
The powers obtained by the elemental meditations roughly
correspond to the properties of these elements. Thus, by
meditating on earth, for example, the adept becomes invulnerable
and unshakable. This correlation putatively gives, accordingly to
Kṣemarāja�, a coherent structure to this book, in which the first
half describes the lower planes from the perspective of their
manifest attributes, and the second part the meditation to acquire
these planes and their properties. 3 Conforming at the outset to this
structure, the first verse in this section which describes the
meditation on earth echoes the opening verse which described the
properties of earth: "earth, under its form of hardness
(첹ٳԲūṇa)
"4
1 V. bk. 10: p.327, for earth; p.330, for water; p.357 for fire;
p.363, for air; p.365, for ether.
2 The śripūrvaśāstram is another name for the
Māliniviyayottaratantram, one of the scriptures most highly
esteerned by the non-dual Saivas. The treatment of concentrations
covers the twelth to the sixteenth book.
3 V. his commentary, p.35: “adhuna uccāraṇādikrameṇa
tattatsiddhyartham sākṣātkāryametatkāryatattvasvarūpam
sthūladṛśa pradarśya sūkṣmadṛśa paradṛśa ca ātmāśrayāṇi
niyatyādisamastāni śuddhavidyādiśivāntāni ca siddhyarthameva
tattväntaradhyānāni darśayannupakramate.
�
4 V. p.2, vs. 3a: "pṛthvi kaṭhinarūpeṇa, "and p.36, vs. 83b:
"prthvim kathinarūpeṇa. "
