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P-44-
But what
about the South?
of the
main Hindu deities - 1.e. a powerful male principle imagined
as the universal master and the "Great Mother" who is the matrix of
the whole cosmos
-
existed from very old times. However, some scholars
suppose that, due to the geographical position of the indian subcontinent,
the cult of the Great Goddess prevailed over that of the male principle
(N.B. Mohenjodaro and Harappa are predominantly continental). An important
religious revolution occured when the Aryan population came with their
continental and solar culture. Thus, in India the vedic (continental)
patrifocal sacerdotalism clashed with a powerful native matrifocal
environment, and the former subdued the latter on the doctrinary level.
In later days, when what might well be called the tantric revolution
took place, the supremacy of
the male principle was reaffirmed strongly
a mountainous zone -, while the remale principle reasserted
in Kashmir -
itsell in Bengal.
it
Now, Saiva monistic philosophy considers the whole
universe a mere manifestation of the Universal Self or Parama Siva.
The universe is in its essence the same as that irom which
rises, just as the waves 螣螜 the ocean are essentially identical with
the ocean itself. Farama Siva, the ultimate reality, is conceived as
"prak膩sa vimarsamaya". The prak膩艣a aspect manifests as substance, while
vimarsa as speech. The ultimate reality is called Para when its vimarsa
aspect is emphasized. This conception reminds of the theory of the Logos
which precedes and organises the whole objective reality as its very
essence. rara reiers to the Absolute when in the state of periect unity
2