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[Full title: Characters of the play Sankalpa-Surodaya, forming the counterpart of the main hero (10) Samvrtisatya/Samvriti-satya or Vyavaharikasatya/Vyavaharika-satya]

In a similar way, the dramatist brings another envoy of king Mahamoha namely, Samvrtisatya. He brings the message of Mahamoha to king Viveka. Disclosing the letter, the messenger says thus: "Your majesty, this letter contains the order of the emperor Mahamoha, the ruler over the fourteen worlds, acting on the advice of his minister Samsaya (doubt) and who abides always by the wishes of his queen, Durmati. The orders were

214 drafted by his acountant, Lobha, and are (now) communicated to you by me, his confidential envoy. They are on no account to be disobeyed."1 Further he continues to read that, "You have shown considerable earnestness in promoting the adoration of the Supreme Being and in doing so, have acted against our will. If, (now) you should transfer this earnestness towards the acquisition of wealth and lordship, we will hold you in high esteem." 2 "My dear, have you heard this (message) which resembles the story of the beggar stretching his foot? But it is only natural for Mahamoha to hold fast to his view like the dead body holding its fist tight." ³ 3 Then he proclaims the glory of Kama and the Krodha. "By whose valour, indeed, will Kama, who is superior to all others and whose greatness is well-known (even) among the gods of Svarga, be conquered ? By his prowess, the third eye of Siva which had its origin in anger soon became cool with love." 4 "The good sruti says Kama (desire ) existed at the beginning." The first person (the Supreme Being) plays (the game of) creating the world maintaining it and destroying it, being impelled by desire; even the man who has attained freedom from desires wins Moksa which is hard to attain by a desire (Kama) for it. On whom is Kama dependent and is there any one in the world who is not subject to Kama ?"5 1. idam kila maharaja, caturdasabhuvanacakracakravartinah dvaparamantrinirdharitanikhilakaryasya durmatimatapratisthitasya | devasya mahamohasya lobhanamna ganakena likhitva tvadartham presitamantarangena naya upahrtamalanghaniyam sasanam || S.S. III p.382 paropastisraddhavadhikamativrttam yadiha te 2. tadaiscaryapraptyai bhavatu bahu manyemahi tada || S.S. III- p.384 3. priye, akarnitah kilayam bhiksupadaprasarananyayah | athava svabhavyameva savamustivat grhitagrahita mahamohasya | S.S. III - p.384-85 4. visvadhiko vilayamesyati kasya bhumna virah prasiddhamahima vibudhesu kamah | krodhoditam yadanubhavavasena sambhoh srrngarasitalamabhunnayanam trtiyam || 5. S.S. III - 39, p.386 kamo'sau samavartatagra iti hi brute samici srutih kamadeva jaga anisthitilayairadyah pumankridati | niskamo'pi sakama eva labhate nihsreyasam durlabham kamah kasya vase ka esa bhuvane kamasya na syadvase || S.S. III- 40, p.386-87

215 No doubt, Mahamoha's messenger though be under the command of Mahamoha, is not influenced by his evil effects. Therefore, he has realised virtuous strength of both Viveka and Sumati. He has high regard for Viveka. Yet reluctantly he carries the orders of Mahamoha. This idea is evident from the following verse: "The world will (soon) show the greatest regard to Viveka who will kill Mahamoha, defy Manmatha, and shake off Krodha with contempt." " 6 At last, when he exists, the statement he declares, is indeed remarkable, and shows his sense of morality as well as his knowledge of descrimination. "Who is there to conquer Viveka, who, with is wife Sumati ever eager to awaken those who are asleep, promotes the welfare of the world? And yet our master, Moha, orders us to do this."7 Besides these major and minor characters, playing their roles on the stage as assistance to Mahamoha, two other characters viz, Sringara and Jighamsa have been just referred to, in the eight Act; but they are not physically seen on the stage. All these characters as have been portrayed in detail, are brought in a significant manner. Venkatanatha has successfully portrayed these characters in his own inimitable style. Thus Venkatanatha's skill of characterisation can be said as a superb one and meaningful. 6. apranitamahamohamanangikrtamanmatham | vidhutapratigham loko vivekam bahu mamsyate || S.S. III - 42, p.388 7. suptaprabodhanasamutsukaya sumatya patnya sahacaritavisvahitam vivekam | jetum ka eva jagati prabhavettathapi svami niyojayati moha iha svayam nah || S.S. III 43, p.389