Essay name: Nighantu (critical study)
Author:
Gopalakrishna N. Bhat
Affiliation: Karnatak University / Department of Sanskrit
This is an English study of the Nighantu and its commentary called the Nirukta by Yaska. The Nighantu is an ancient Sanskrit lexicon dealing with the words of the Vedic language. This essay presents a detailed analysis of the extant five chapters of this text and examines it's authorship, tracing meanings of words through Vedic texts by providing a comparative study involving Sayana's interpretations and connections with other texts like Amarakosa.
Chapter 3 - First Adhyaya (chapter) of the Nighantu (study)
80 (of 242)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
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L } 4. Asthan: Its form asthyam occurs in one place.
Saya峁嘺 explains it as given below.
9 10
5. Kasthah: The word with its forms occurs in eleven
places. In three places Saya峁嘺 interpretes it in the sense
of a quarter (1.63.5; 146.3; IV.58.7). In three places
he explains it as water and quotes Nirukta (2.15). (RV.
I.32.10; I.37.10; 59.6). In other places Sayana interpretes
differently.
11 ,
12 Yaska in his Nirukta (2.15), while explaining the
synonyms of quarters, states: "The word kastha is a syncnym
of many objects Kastha means quarters; they are situated
having gone xacross. Kastha means intermediate quarters;
they are situated having gone aacross. Destination alsc is
called ka峁ａ弓h膩; it is situated having gone across.
as
are also called kasthat they are situated having gone across,
Waters
9. 10.165. 啶嗋し啷嵿啶ぞ啶 啶掂啶ぞ啶啶むぞ啶ぞ啶ぐ啶｀啶ぞ啶ㄠ啶ぞ啶 啷� 啶う啷嵿さ啶� 啷� 啶呧お啶ㄠく啶膏啶た啶ㄠ啶ㄠた-
啶む啶ぞ啶粪啶熰啶班 啶啶ㄠぞ啶侧ぞ | 啶むじ啷嵿く啶距ぎ啷� 啷�
[膩峁ａ弓hay膩m vy膩pt膩y膩mara峁噛膩ny膩m | yadv膩 | apanayasminni-
ty膩峁ａ弓r墨 pacan膩l膩 | tasy膩m |
] 10. STOOT, STETATE, 谩ts贸t懦, arb谩tur:,
啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ, 啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ啶傕え啶距ぎ啷�, 啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ啶, 啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ啶ぞ啶�
[k膩峁ａ弓h膩, k膩峁ａ弓h膩峁僴膩m, 办腻峁ａ弓丑腻尘, k膩峁ａ弓h膩y膩岣�
] 11.
12.
#to贸ty i
啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ啶傕じ |
啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ啶 [k膩峁ａ弓h膩峁僺a |
办腻峁ａ弓丑腻尘 ] 7.93.3. 啶ぅ啶距ざ啷嵿さ啶距 啶多啶樴啶班 啶啶︵啶оき啷傕ぎ啶苦 啶掂啶ぞ啶啶ㄠ啶掂え啷嵿い啶� 啷�
[yath膩艣v膩岣� 艣墨ghra峁� yuddhabh奴mi峁� vy膩pnuvanti |
] 9.21.7. 啶膏啶ぞ啶� 啶ㄠた啶掂ぞ啶膏じ啷嵿ぅ啶距え啶 啷� 啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ啶ぞ啶� [som膩岣� niv膩sasth膩nam | k膩峁ａ弓h膩y膩岣� ] 10.1029.
啶嗋啷嵿く啶ㄠ啶むじ啷嵿く 啶ぇ啷嵿く啷� 啶膏啶椸啶班ぞ啶� 啶囙い啷嵿く啶班啶ム 啷� 啶嗋啷嵿く啶ㄠ啶む啶洁お啶� 啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩啶氞啶い啷� 啷�
[膩jyantasya madhye sa峁僩r膩ma ityartha岣� | 膩jyanto'pi k膩峁ａ弓hocyate |
] 8 啶ㄠた啶班. [苍颈谤奴. ] 2.15-8
啶むい啷嵿ぐ 啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ 啶囙い啷嵿く啷囙い啶︵え啷囙啶膏啶ぞ啶た 啶膏い啷嵿い啷嵿さ啶膏啶� 啶ㄠぞ啶� 啶さ啶むた 啷�
啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ 啶︵た啶多 啶さ啶ㄠ啶むた 啷� 啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶む啶掂ぞ 啶膏啶ムた啶むぞ 啶さ啶ㄠ啶むた 啷� 啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ
啶夃お啶︵た啶多 啶さ啶ㄠ啶むた 啷� 啶囙い啶班啶むぐ啶� 啶曕啶距え啷嵿い啷嵿さ啶� 啶膏啶ムた啶むぞ 啶さ啶ㄠ啶むた 啷� 啶嗋う啶苦い啷嵿く啷嬥そ啶た
啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩啶氞啶い啷� 啷� 啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶む啶掂ぞ 啶膏啶ムた啶む 啶さ啶むた 啷� 啶嗋お啷嬥そ啶た 啶曕ぞ啶粪啶犩ぞ 啶夃啷嵿く啶ㄠ啶む 啷�
啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶む啶掂ぞ 啶膏啶ムた啶むぞ 啶さ啶ㄠ啶む啶むた 啶膏啶ムぞ啶掂ぐ啶距ぃ啶距ぎ啷� 啷�
[tatra k膩峁ａ弓h膩 ityetadanekasy膩pi sattvasya n膩ma bhavati |
k膩峁ａ弓h膩 di艣o bhavanti | kr膩ntv膩 sthit膩 bhavanti | k膩峁ａ弓h膩
upadi艣o bhavanti | itaretara峁� k峁涏ぞntv膩 sthit膩 bhavanti | 膩dityo'pi
k膩峁ａ弓hocyate | kr膩ntv膩 sthito bhavati | 膩po'pi k膩峁ａ弓h膩 ucyante |
kr膩ntv膩 sthit膩 bhavant墨ti sth膩var膩峁嚹乵 |
] 104
