Arts in the Puranas (study)
by Meena Devadatta Jeste | 1973 | 74,370 words
This essay studies the Arts in the Puranas by reconstructing the theory of six major fine arts鈥擬usic, Dance, Architecture, Sculpture, Painting, and Literature鈥攆rom the Major and Minor Puranas. This thesis shows how ancient sages studied these arts within the context of cultural traditions of ancient India....
12. Notes for chapter 5
NOTES . 281 - 1 VDP - III . 43. 38 - 39. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 kalanam pravaram citram dharmakamarthamatadam | mamgatyam prathamam caitad grhe yatra pratithitam || yatha sumeruh pravaro naganam yathandavanam garudah pradhana yatha naranam pravarah sitisastatha kathanamiha citrakalpah | Kamasutra of Vatsyayana I. 4. 4. Stella Kramrisch, 'Vismudharmottara III', Intr. p. 6. VDP. I 126. 1, 19 . Bhasa, Svapnavasavadatta', Act VI. Bhavabhuti, 'Uttararamacarita', Act I. 33. For the literary references see C. Sivaramamurti, 'Indian Painting', pp. 9 - 18. Stella Kramrisch, op. cit., Intr. p. 6. V.S.Agrawala, 'Indian Art', p. 10. 10 C. Sivaramamurti, op. cit., p. 22. 11 Percy Brown, 'Indian Painting', p. 18. 12 13 Priyabala Shah, 'Visnudharmottara III', Vol. II, p. 177. Edith Tomory, 'Introduction to the History of Fine Arts In India and the West', p. 50. 14 Stella Kramrisch, op. cit., Intr. p. 5. 15 VDP. III. 35. 4. devam mahamunih krtva citram laksanasamyutam | grahayamasa sa tada visvakarmanamacyutam ||
- 282 . 16 17 C. Sivaramamurti, op. cit., p. 1. According to Silparatna, chapter 46, 'Citra' is tha sculpture in the round, relief and painting. T.A.G. Rao, "Elements of Hindu Iconography", Vol. I, Part I. 18 VDP. III. 2. 3 - 5. markamdeya mudana - ka tu nrtyasastrena citrasutram sudurvidam | jagato na kriya karya dvayorapi yato nrpa " ka yuvaca nrtyasastram samacatva citrasutram vadisyasi | nrtyasastra vidhanam va citram veti yato dvina markamdeya buvaca atacam yo na janati tasya nrtam hi durvidam | atacena vina nrtam vidyate na kathancana || 19 VDP. III. 43.31 - 32. 20 VDP. III. 35. 21 22 yatha nrte tatha citre trailokyanukrtih smrta | drstayamca tatha mava apangani sarvasah || karaye mahanrte purvata nrpasattama | ta jeva citre vijneya nrtam citram param matam || Stella Kramrisch, op. cit., Intr. p. 10. VDP. III. 42. 81. rakhamava va kartavya yathapurvamudahrtah | yathayogam tu yunjita nrtabhihitamatra ca |
- - 283 23 24 25 12 8 6 26 VDP. III. 42. 84. jiti vittanabudhdivikalpite| karanakantivilasa rasadibhih | likhitamoksanalocanama ramavati citramamipsitakamadam | VDP. III. 41. 10 - 12. rekha ca vartana caiva bhusanam varnameva ca | vidvema manunasrestha citrakarma bhusanam || rela prasantyacarya vartani va vivanah | striyo bhusanamicchanti varnadayamitare sa || biti matva tatha yatnah kartavyavitrakarmani || sarvasya citagrahanam yatha syanmanuna || Stella Kramrisch, op. cit., Intr. p. 20, f. n. 1 c. 111. VDP. III. 41. 2-4. D. N. Shukla, 'Hindu Canons of Painting or Citra Laksana, Ch. III, pp. 29 - 33. 28 Stella Kramrisch, op. cit., Intr. p. 8. 29 VDP. III. 42 - 86. 30 yathadeyam yathakalam yathadesam yathavayah | kriyamanam bhaved dhanyam viparitamata'nyatha || VDP. III. 40 . 15. susnigdhavispastasuvarnarekhavidvanyatha desavisesavesama | pramanamamirahiyamanam krtam mavevvitramativa citram || 31 VDP. III. 41. 7 - 10; VDP. III. 43. 18 - 20. 32 33 VDP. III. 43. 28. tara nadhumam vedayantyasvaradikam | vayugatya likhedastu vijneyo mattacitravat || VDP. III. 41 . 12 - 13.
- 284 - 34 VDP. III. 40. 30. matakhadhumam vaijayantyasvaradikam || dhotam balenapi na nasayet tisthatyanenanyapi vatsarani || 35 VDP. III. 40. 23. 36 VDP. III. 40. 37 VDP. III. 40. 17. purnaranga vibhagena mavakalpanaya tatha | svabuddhya karayedrangaga to ya sahastrayah || 38 Stella Kramrisch, op. cit., Intr. p. 16. 39 VDP. III. 27. 26. 40 varna 鈥� pratyaksadrstasya kartavyah sadbhastatha | VDP. III. 40 . 9. api varsasatasya ante na pranasyetu karhicit | 41 VDP. III. 40. 10. 42 43 44 45 46 anenaiva prakarena dvikata | kartavyavipusa vividha manibhumayah || Stella Kramrisch, op. cit., Intr. p. 17 f. n. 1, 2. D. N. Shukla, op. cit., Ch. VI, p. 54. Ibid, p. 37. Priyabala Shah, op. cit., p. 178. Edith Tomory, 'Introduction to the History of Fine Arts in India and the West.', p. 50. 47 Percy Brown, 'Indian Painting', p. 98. 48 The Karika of Yasodhara is as follows rupamedah pramanani lavanyam bhavayojanam | sadrsyam varsikama jiti citram sattakam ||
285 - 49 VDP. III. 39. 1 - 32. 50 VDP. III. 39 40. 61 sthananam bahusamsthatvadavayavasambhava | Cited by D. N. Shukla, 'Hindu Canons of Painting or Citralaksana', Ch. VII, p. 63. VDP. III. 40. 13 - 15. 52 53 T.A.G. Rao, op. cit. p. 53 54 VDP. III. 41. 82. 55 suskam vartanaya vastu citram tanmadhyamam smrtam | sulkamadhamam proktam carddhameva tathe啷媡tamam || Stella Kramrisch, op. cit., p. 15, f. n. 1. 56 C. Sivaramamurti, 'Indian Painting', p. 34. 57 VDP. III. 35 and 36. 58 VDP. III. 35. 11. 59 dvadavad mulavistarastara jityabhidhiyate | For the detailed description see Priyabala Shah, op. cit., pp 105-110. 60 Ibid, p. 178. 61 VDP. III. 42. 62 VDP. III. 42. 48. 63 dustam sukhad karya sarvesamavisesatah | citre sadrsyakaranam pradhanam parikirtitam || Stella Kramrisch, op. cit., Intr. p. 11. 64 VDP. III. 42. 58. karyasyavayavah karyah svadehasaddrsah prthak | 65 VDP. III. 42.
- 286 - 66 C. Sivaramamurti, op. cit., p. 3. 67 INS VI. 42 - 43. 68 VDP. III. 43. 1. gamga rahasyakavi raudranayanakah | bibhatsadyuta sansamba nava citrarasah smrtah ||\