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(A Tamilian dynasty of Kings.) A place of Pur膩峁噄c fame in 顿补办峁�i峁嘺 叠丑腻谤补迟补. The three states Cera, Cola and 笔腻峁囜笉测补 were from early times renowned states of 顿补办峁�i峁嘺 叠丑腻谤补迟补. Historically and Pura峁噄cally 笔腻峁囜笉测补 was a state of eminence.

(A.) Historically. The 笔腻峁囜笉测补 dynasty of Kings is very ancient, The exact period of its beginning is still unknown. Megasthanes who lived in the fourth century B.C. has made mention of the 笔腻峁囜笉测补 dynasty in his diary. Julian, an emperor of Italy, who lived in 361 A.D. is stated to have received visitors from 笔腻峁囜笉测补de艣a. The 笔腻峁囜笉测补 dynasty was revived and elevated under the leadership of Katu峁卥a in the 7th century A.D. From that time till the 16th century Madura was the capital of 笔腻峁囜笉测补de艣a. The Ucc膩峁単墨 dynasty which was ruling the places to the south of 罢耻峁単补产丑补诲谤腻 during the period from 9th century to 13th century A.D. is believed to be a part of the 笔腻峁囜笉测补va峁兣沘 which had gone from Madura. A continuous history of the 笔腻峁囜笉测补 line of Kings is not available. Many Kings bear names like J膩tavarm膩 or M膩ravarm膩. The 笔腻峁囜笉测补 Kings were devotees of 艢颈惫补 even from the period of the Jainas. At times they have ruled over the combined kingdoms of Cera and Cola. During the period from the 12th to the 14th century A.D. 笔腻峁囜笉测补 was ruled by five of the most valiant rulers and at that time the 笔腻峁囜笉测补de艣a included all the places in south India up to Nellore. But the power of the 笔腻峁囜笉测补s waned when the power of the Sultans who ruled Delhi spread to the south. After 1370 A.D only on rare occasions has the power of the 笔腻峁囜笉测补s spread to the north of river 碍腻惫别谤墨. In 1312 A.D. Kerala got herself free from the hold of the Tamilian Kings. (笔腻峁囜笉测补r膩jya).

(B) Pur膩峁噄c fame.

The statements found in 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 about 笔腻峁囜笉测补de艣a are given below:鈥�(i) 艢r墨 碍峁涐梗峁嘺 once slew a 笔腻峁囜笉测补 King who was the father of Malayadhvaja. Malayadhvaja who was a very valiant archer started for 顿惫腻谤补办腻 to kill 碍峁涐梗峁嘺 to avenge the death of his father. Friends dissuaded him from his attempt and so he dropped the idea. During the time of 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 Malayadhvaja was the King of 笔腻峁囜笉测补. (Chapter 23, 顿谤辞峁嘺 Parva).

(ii) Malayadhvaja, King o 笔腻峁囜笉测补, was a frequent visitor to the court of 驰耻诲丑颈峁ａ弓丑颈谤补. (艢濒辞办补 24, Chapter 4, 厂补产丑腻 Parva).

(iii) The King of 笔腻峁囜笉测补 presented gifts at the 搁腻箩补蝉奴测补 of 驰耻诲丑颈峁ａ弓丑颈谤补. (艢濒辞办补 35, Chapter 52, 厂补产丑腻 Parva).

(iv) In the 碍耻谤耻办峁�e迟谤补 battle the 笔腻峁囜笉测补 King fought on the side of the 笔腻峁囜笉补惫补蝉 with a large army. (艢濒辞办补 9, Chapter 19, Udyoga Parva).

(v) On the chariot of the 笔腻峁囜笉测补 King flags bearing the insignia of ocean flew. The 笔腻峁囜笉测补 King wounded 顿谤辞峁嘺. (艢濒辞办补 72, Chapter 23, 顿谤辞峁嘺 Parva).

(vi) The King of 笔腻峁囜笉测补 fought against 痴峁涐梗补蝉别苍补 and 础艣惫补迟迟丑腻尘腻. (艢濒辞办补 46, Chapter 20, 碍补谤峁嘺 Parva).