Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.623
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.623:
啶囙い啷嵿ぅ啶傕き啶距さ啷囙そ啶た 啶膏ぞ啶︵啶多啶 啶啶︵啶о啶さ啶膏啶ムぞ啶ㄠた啶え啷嵿ぇ啶ㄠぎ啷� 啷�
啶椸啶班す啶｀ 啶啶︵ぎ啶距い啷嵿ぐ啶膏啶� 啶むい啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿く啷堗さ啶距き啶苦ぇ啷�啶い啷� 啷� 啷エ啷� 啷�ittha峁僢h膩ve'pi 蝉腻诲峁浥泍补峁� buddhyavasth膩nibandhanam |
graha峁噀 bhedam膩trasya tatr膩nyaiv膩bhidh墨yate || 623 ||623. In the attainment of a particular condition also, there is resemblance based upon what figures in the mind. Here, in the cognition, it is only a bit of difference (not real difference) which is meant to be conveyed.
Commentary
[The view that everywhere 辫谤补办腻谤补 means resemblance has been questioned by some as follows鈥擯. 2.3.21. teaches the third case-ending after a word expressive of a particular state of a thing (辫谤补办腻谤补). Thus, we can say: 办补尘补峁囜笉补濒耻n膩 ch膩tram = 鈥榮tudent having a 办补尘补峁囜笉补濒耻鈥�. Here the student having a particular condition is a variety of the genus 鈥榤an.鈥� Thus, 辫谤补办腻谤补 here obviously means variety and not resemblance, because there is nobody else to whom he is compared. But the view that 辫谤补办腻谤补 everywhere means 蝉腻诲峁浥泍补 is justified as follows:鈥擡ven in P. 2.3.21. the particular state or 辫谤补办腻谤补 involves resemblance, because an expression like 办补尘补峁囜笉补濒耻n膩 ch膩tram is possible only if there is resemblance between the image created in the mind by the expression and the outside object to which it refers. The correspondence between the mental image and the outside object is what is called 辫谤补办腻谤补 here and it is a kind of resemblance. Similarly, in P. 5.3.42 also where the suffix 诲丑腻 is taught after a numeral in the sense of vi诲丑腻 or 辫谤补办腻谤补, a particular mode of action, resemblance is implied. When one says: pa帽ca诲丑腻 bhu峁卥te, what is understood from the words corresponds to outside reality. The numeral stands for mode of action. Pa帽ca诲丑腻 bhu峁卥te means: 鈥榟e eats in five modes鈥�. The action of eating is one but it can be performed in different ways. The numeral stands for the number of ways. What figures in the mind resembles outside reality. Thus, here also, 辫谤补办腻谤补 means resemblance.]