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Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari

by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words

The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...

This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.7.149:

उपश्लेषस्य चाभेदस्तिलाकाशकटादिष� �
उपकारास्तु भिद्यन्त� संयोगिसमवायिनाम् � १४� �

ܱ貹śṣasya cābhedastilśkaṭādiṣu |
upakārāstu bhidyante saṃyogisamavāyinām || 149 ||

149. Contact (ܱ貹śṣa) is the same whether the abode be sesame (tila), space (ś) or mat (첹ṭa) etc. But the service rendered differs according as the objects are in contact through ṃyDz (conjunction) or through (inherence).

Commentary

[The relation between an abode () and what is on it () is contact (ܱ貹śṣa). It is the same in all the three kinds of abodes. Where there is conjunction (ṃyDz), the contact is not at all points, as in kaṭe āste = he sits on the mat. The sitter is not in contact with the mat at all points. Where there is inherence (), the contact is at all points, as in tileṣu tailam = ‘oil in the sesame seeds�. In khe śakunaya� = �birds in the sky� and gurau vasati = ‘he lives with the guru, the abode is said to be ṣa⾱첹. Āś has no real parts but only fictional ones. To say that the disciple lives with the guru means that he depends upon him. It is in that sense that the guru is the abode, The contact between the two is mental.]

What the services are is now explained.

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