Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.1.27
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.1.27:
啶ㄠた啶班啶掂ぐ啷嵿い啷嵿い啷嵿く啶ぞ啶ㄠ 啶い啷嵿啶班啶� 啶溹ぞ啶むた啶膏啶むい啷嵿ぐ啶距お啶� 啶膏ぞ啶оえ啶 啷�
啶膏啶掂ぞ啶多啶班く啶膏啶ぞ啶た啶ㄠた啶粪啶い啷嵿い啷� 啶膏ぞ 啶曕啶班た啶ぞ啶｀ぞ啶� 啶啶班く啷嬥啶苦啶� 啷� 啷ㄠキ 啷�nirvarttyam膩na峁� yatkarma j膩tistatr膩pi 蝉腻诲丑补苍补m |
sv膩艣rayasy膩bhini峁attau s膩 kriy膩峁嚹佱箖 辫谤补测辞箩颈办腻 || 27 ||27. The universal is the cause even of that object which is newly produced. In order that its substratum might be produced, it prompts the action to come to be.
Commentary
As the universal exists even before the individual is produced, it is eternal. How it helps is now stated.
[Read verse 27 above]
[In a sentence like sa Ka峁璦峁� Karoti (he makes a mat), 鈥榤at鈥� is the object of the action of making. In other words, it is a 蝉腻诲丑补苍补, an accessory of the action of making. Before it is made, it does not exist. How can it then become a 蝉腻诲丑补苍补? To this objection, the answer is that its universal was already present in its causes and it is that which helps in its production. The universal aspect of it is the 蝉腻诲丑补苍补 and the individual (vyakti) aspect of it is the effect (碍腻谤测补). After all, the universal and the individual are not two totally different things like a cow and a horse. They are indissolubly mixed up. They are two aspects of the same thing which gets two names accordingly. Why the universal is called 辫谤补测辞箩颈办腻 is this: Before a man makes a mat, he has the universal of it in his mind and then proceeds to assemble the material. But for that, he would not act. It is the universal which prompts him].
The author now states that, according to the view that the word denotes, the universal, it is not the individual which is the accessory of an action (蝉腻诲丑补苍补), but the universal.