Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 1.65
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 1.65:
啶むじ啷嵿く啶距き啶苦ぇ啷囙く啶ぞ啶掂啶� 啶 啶多が啷嵿う啶� 啶膏ぎ啶掂じ啷嵿ぅ啶苦い啶� 啷�
啶むじ啷嵿く啶距お啷嵿く啷佮啷嵿啶距ぐ啶｀ 啶班啶ぎ啶ㄠ啶い啷嵿い啶膏啶ぞ啶︵啶掂た啶掂た啶氞啶い啷� 啷� 啷カ 啷�tasy膩bhidheyabh膩vena ya岣� 艣abda岣� samavasthita岣� |
tasy膩pyucc膩ra峁噀 r奴pamanyattasm膩dvivicyate || 65 ||65. When the word considered to be the meaning is itself uttered, it assumes a form quite different from the one (which it had as a meaning).
Commentary
After having given a reason (verse 62) and examples (verses 63, 64). For establishing difference, the consideration of the topic under discussion, i.e., the form of the word, is now being concluded. Whenever the word which is the meaning is uttered for the sake of illustration, on every such occasion, another form of it, the cause or the basis of it, would be distinguished, for such is the nature of anything that is uttered. According to some, it is the same word which is repeated as the conveyor鈥攆orm (补产丑颈诲丑腻苍补) without its losing its character as the form-conveyed (abhidheyatva). It has been said in the 厂补峁単谤补丑补.鈥�
鈥淭he form of the word (as the conveyed) never comes under the organs of articulation (办补谤补峁嘺) anymore than objects like a cow (which are also conveyed by words); it is always the conveyed; when the conveyor-form comes under the organs of articulation, the conveyed which has the same form appears to be uttered, even though it does not come under the organs of articulation.1
Notes
1. The point which is emphasised from verse 61 onwards is that the same word can be looked upon both as 辫谤补迟测腻测补办补 and 辫谤补迟测腻测测补. The difference would then be due to an abstraction made by the mind. Ordinarily, it is outside objects which are conveyed (辫谤补迟测腻测测补) by a word. Sometimes, as hr Grammar, the word itself is the 辫谤补迟测腻测测补. The word which is 辫谤补迟测腻测补办补 is uttered, but not the one which is 辫谤补迟测腻测测补. As soon as the latter is uttered for the sake of illustration, it becomes 辫谤补迟测腻测补办补 in relation to another similar word which would then become the 辫谤补迟测腻测测补.