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Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana

by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words

Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...

[This illustrates a ṭa Գܱ of one declined word:]

प्रिया-विरहित� चित्ते सत्यम् इन्दुर� दवानलः |
दवानलः क्� वा तापम� ईदृश� तनुतेतराम् ||

-virahite citte satyam indur 岹Բ� |
岹Բ� kva 貹 īdṛśa� tanutetarām ||

—the girlfriend; virahite—is without; citte—when the heart; satyam—tܱ; Ի�—the moon; dava—which is a conflagration; Բ�—a fire; dava-aԲ�—a fire which is a conflagration; kva—w?; —pDz; —aڴڱپDz; īṛśa—like this; ٲԳܳٱ-ٲ峾—better makes.

[ṛṣṇa speaks to Subala:] When the heart feels separation from the sweetheart, the moon truly is a conflagration. Where else does a conflagration bring about this kind of affliction?

atra prathama� danala-pada� vidheya-param, dvitīya� tv anuda-param iti. eta� padānuprāsam anye’pi manyante.

Here the first word danala (conflagration) is part of a predicate (of the subject “moon�), whereas the second one is a subject.

Other persons call it pada Գܱ (alliteration of a declined word).

Commentary:

The above example of ṭa Գܱ merely reflects the absence of the fault called kathita-pada (repeated word) (7.60; 7.76). Lāṭa Գܱ is striking when it is combined with another form of poetical embellishment. For instance, sometimes ṭa Գܱ is used in the ananvaya ornament (self-comparison) (10.28). Lāṭa Գܱ is the basis of the 屹ī ornament (modified series) (10.216-217). On occasion, ṭa Գܱ constitutes an ٳԳٲ-ṅkٲ-cya dhvani (an implied sense in which the literal sense changes to another meaning). An example is: pārṣadā� pārṣadā yasya, “His associates are associates� (4.82).

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