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Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.4.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

� भार॑ती� भार॑तीभि� स॒जोषा� इळा॑ दे॒वैर्म॑नु॒ष्ये॑भिर॒ग्निः � सर॑स्वती सारस्व॒तेभि॑र॒र्वाक्ति॒स्र� दे॒वीर्ब॒र्हिरेदं स॑दन्त� �
� भारती भारतीभि� सजोष� इळ� देवैर्मनुष्येभिरग्नि� � सरस्वती सारस्वतेभिरर्वाक्तिस्र� देवीर्बर्हिरेद� सदन्तु �
bhratī bhratībhi� sajoṣ� iḻ� devair Գṣy󾱰 Ծ� | ī srasvatebhir arvk tisro ī barhir 岹� sadantu ||

English translation:

“M ī, associated with the īs; Iḷ� with the gods and men; and Agni, and ī with the ٲ; may the three goddesses sit down upon the sacred grass (strewn) before them.�

Commentary by Syaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhṣya

ībhi�, with the connections of Bharata, or the Sun: bharatasya sūryasya sambandhinībhi�, perhaps intending the solar rays;

ī = vk, speech;

Iḷ� = ū, the earth;

ī = vk; the srasvatas are the madhyamasthnas, the middle regions, or the firmament; Agni whose name is rather unconnectedly inserted, is thus identified through their several person nifications as goddesses, with heaven, mid-heaven, and earth, or with speech or sound in the three regions

Details:

Ṛṣ (sage/seer): ٳ󾱲Դ ś峾ٰ� ڲٳ󾱲Բ ś峾ٰ];
ٱ𱹲 (deity/subject-matter): ⲹ�;
Chandas (meter): Ծṛtٰṣṭܱ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

� � भार॑ती � भार॑तीभि� � स॒ऽजोषाः� � इळाः� � दे॒वैः � म॒नु॒ष्ये॑भि� � अ॒ग्नि� � सर॑स्वती � सा॒र॒स्व॒तेभिः� � अ॒र्वाक् � ति॒स्र� � दे॒वी� � ब॒र्हि� � � � इ॒दम� � स॒द॒न्तु� �
� � भारती � भारतीभि� � सजोषाः � इळाः � देवै� � मनुष्येभिः � अग्निः � सरस्वती � सारस्वतेभि� � अर्वाक� � तिस्रः � देवी� � बर्हिः � � � इदम् � सदन्तु �
| bhratī | bhratībhi� | sa-joṣḥ | iḷḥ | 𱹲� | Գṣy� | Ծ� | ī | srasvatebhi� | arvk | پ� | ī� | � | | idam | sadantu

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.4.8 English analysis of grammar]

[adverb]

“towards; kra; until; ; since; according to; [suffix].�

bhratī

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“statement; language; voice; bhratī; ī; voice; speech; word; voice.�

bhratībhi� < bhratī

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“statement; language; voice; bhratī; ī; voice; speech; word; voice.�

sajoṣ� < sajoṣḥ < ṣa

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“consentaneous; combined; associated; united.�

iḍ�

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“refreshment; iḍ� [word]; comfort; cow.�

devair < 𱹲� < deva

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevs; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.�

Գṣy󾱰 < Գṣy� < Գṣy

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“man; people; man; Գṣy [word].�

Ծ� < agni

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.�

ī

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“Sarasvati; ī; language; voice; speech; eloquence; balloon vine; river.�

srasvatebhir < srasvatebhi� < srasvata

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“Srasvata; Srasvata; Srasvata; Srasvata.�

arvk

[adverb]

“h.�

tisro < پ� < tri

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“three; tri/tis� [word].�

ī < ī� < ī

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“Parvati; queen; goddess; Devi.�

barhir < < barhis

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“Barhis; barhis [word].�

岹� <

[adverb]

“towards; kra; until; ; since; according to; [suffix].�

岹� < idam

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.�

sadantu < sad

[verb], plural, Aorist imperative

“sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.�

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