Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
by Ganganatha Jha | 1920 | 1,381,940 words | ISBN-10: 8120811550 | ISBN-13: 9788120811553
This is the English translation of the Manusmriti, which is a collection of Sanskrit verses dealing with 鈥楧harma鈥�, a collective name for human purpose, their duties and the law. Various topics will be dealt with, but this volume of the series includes 12 discourses (adhyaya). The commentary on this text by Medhatithi elaborately explains various t...
Verse 9.235 [Mortal Sins]
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:
啶啶班す啷嵿ぎ啶灌ぞ 啶� 啶膏啶班ぞ啶ざ啷嵿 啶膏啶む啶 啶� 啶椸啶班啶むげ啷嵿お啶椸 啷�
啶忇い啷� 啶膏ぐ啷嵿さ啷� 啶啶ム啷� 啶溹啶炧啶ぞ 啶す啶距お啶距い啶曕た啶ㄠ 啶ㄠぐ啶距 啷� 啷ㄠォ啷� 啷�brahmah膩 ca sur膩pa艣ca stey墨 ca gurutalpaga岣� |
ete sarve p峁泃hag j帽ey膩 mah膩p膩takino nar膩岣� || 235 ||The slayer of a 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, the drinker of wine, the thief and the violator of the preceptor鈥檚 bed,鈥攁ll these individually should be known as men who have committed heinous crimes.鈥�(235)
Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (manubh膩峁a):
鈥�Drinker of wine鈥欌赌攊s a 鈥榟einous criminal鈥� only when he is a 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺.
鈥�Thief鈥欌赌�i.e., one who has stolen gold from a 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺.
This is a reiteration of what has been already said before, made with a view to what follows.鈥�(235)
Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha
鈥�厂耻谤腻辫补岣�.鈥欌赌擱efers to the 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 only (Medh膩tithi), to the 碍峁迟谤颈测补 and the 痴补颈艣测补 also (N膩r膩ya峁嘺 and Kull奴ka).
This verse is quoted in 痴颈惫腻诲补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 (p. 634), which adds the following notes:鈥擳he 鈥�taskara鈥� here stands for the stealer of gold;鈥斺赌�辫峁泃丑补办鈥�, severally;鈥攁nd in 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补-叠腻濒补尘产丑补峁弓墨 (p. 116).
Comparative notes by various authors
(verses 9.235-242)
叠补耻诲丑腻测补苍补 (1.18.18).鈥斺�業n case a 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 has slain a 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, has violated his guru鈥檚 bed, has stolen gold, or has drunk wine,鈥攖he King shall cause him to he branded with heated iron with the mark of a headless trunk, a female part, a jackal or the sign of the tavern on the forehead and banish him from his realm.鈥�
痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (5.1-8).鈥斺�楪reat criminals should all he put to death;鈥攊n the case of a 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, no corporal punishment should he inflicted.鈥擜 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 should he banished from his own country, his body having been branded.鈥擣or murdering another 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, let a headless corpse be impressed on his forehead;鈥攆or drinking wine, the flag of a liquor-seller;鈥攆or stealing gold, a dog鈥檚 foot;鈥攆or incest, the mark of the female part.鈥擨f he has committed any other heinous crime, he shall he banished unhurt, with all his property.鈥�
叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 (痴颈惫腻诲补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补, p. 634).鈥斺�楨ven though he may have committed a heinous offence, the 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 should not he killed; he should he branded and banished with his head shaven.鈥�
Yama (Do., 635).鈥斺�業n the case of the 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 committing any of the four capital offences, his head shall be shaved and he shall he banished; and with a view to proclaiming his crime, he shall be paraded riding on a donkey; or he may be branded on the forehead.鈥�
狈腻谤补诲补 (Do.).鈥斺�業n the case of the 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 committing any of the four capital offences,鈥攙iolating the Guru鈥檚 bed, drinking wine, stealing gold, and killing a 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺,鈥攆or violating the Guru鈥檚 bed, he should he branded with the mark of the female part,鈥攆or drinking wine, with the flag of the wine-seller,鈥攆or stealing gold, with the mark of the dog鈥檚 foot,鈥攆or killing a 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, the mark of a headless trunk shall be branded on his forehead; and no one should hold any converse with him;鈥攕uch is the teaching of Manu.鈥�