Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
by Ganganatha Jha | 1920 | 1,381,940 words | ISBN-10: 8120811550 | ISBN-13: 9788120811553
This is the English translation of the Manusmriti, which is a collection of Sanskrit verses dealing with 鈥楧harma鈥�, a collective name for human purpose, their duties and the law. Various topics will be dealt with, but this volume of the series includes 12 discourses (adhyaya). The commentary on this text by Medhatithi elaborately explains various t...
Verse 9.232
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:
啶曕啶熰ざ啶距じ啶ㄠ啶班啶む啶傕ざ啷嵿 啶啶班啷冟い啷�啶ㄠぞ啶� 啶� 啶︵啶粪啶距え啷� 啷�
啶膏啶む啶班啶ぞ啶侧が啷嵿ぐ啶距す啷嵿ぎ啶｀啷嵿え啶距啶多啶� 啶灌え啷嵿く啶距う啷� 啶︵啶掂た啶粪 啶膏啶掂た啶ㄠじ啷嵿い啶ムぞ ?? 啷� 啷ㄠォ啷� 啷�k奴峁璦艣膩sanakart峁濁箖艣ca prak峁泃墨n膩峁� ca 诲奴峁办腻苍 |
str墨b膩labr膩hma峁嘺ghn膩峁兣沜a hany膩d dvi峁� sevinastath膩 ?? || 232 ||Forgers of royal proclamations, sowers of disaffection among the people, the slayers of women, infants and 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺蝉, and those serving his enemies,鈥攖he king shall put to death.鈥�(232)
Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (manubh膩峁a):
鈥�Forgers of Royal proclamations鈥欌�攇ive out as done by the king what is not done by him. 鈥�Proclamations鈥欌�攔oyal edicts such orders as 鈥楴o one shall eat at the house of such and such a person鈥�, 鈥榮uch and such a favour has been conferred upon this man鈥�, 鈥榮uch is the law that has been laid down by the king鈥�, and so forth鈥攁re always entered upon a piece of paper, written by the hand of the royal scribe, and are then known as the 鈥楻oyal proclamation鈥�. And people may forge these鈥�i.e., misrepresent them.
鈥�Sowers of disaffection among the people鈥�,鈥攚ho spread disaffection among such of the people as may have some grievance or may be too greedy and so forth;鈥攁lso the slayers of woman and infants and of Br膩hmn峁嘺s;鈥斺�榯hose that serve his enemies鈥欌�攕ecretly carrying on visits to them.鈥�(232)
Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha
This verse is quoted in 础辫补谤腻谤办补 (p. 862), which adds the following notes:鈥斺��笔谤补办峁泃墨苍腻尘,鈥� of the various 鈥榤embers鈥� of the state;鈥斺��诲惫颈峁璼别惫颈苍补岣�,鈥� those who serve persons disloyal to the king;鈥攁nd in 痴颈惫腻诲补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 (p. 370), which adds the following notes:鈥斺��艢腻蝉补苍补鈥� here stands for royal proclamations;鈥斺��辫谤补办峁泃墨苍腻尘,鈥� of the Minister and other members of the State;鈥斺��诲奴峁办腻苍,鈥� defamers without justification, those who attribute delinquencies, when in reality, there are none;鈥斺��诲惫颈峁璼别惫颈苍补岣�,鈥� persons serving men inimical to the king.
Comparative notes by various authors
痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (5.9, 11).鈥斺�楾he King shall put to death those who forge royal edicts;鈥攁nd those who forge private documents;鈥攁nd also poisoners, incendiaries, robbers, killers of women, children or men;鈥攖hose stealing more than ten
Kumbhas of grain,鈥攐r more than a hundred 尘腻峁蝉 of things sold by weight;鈥攁lso those who aspire to sovereignty, though being of low birth; breakers of dikes, and such as give shelter to robbers; and a woman who is unfaithful to her lord.鈥�
痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (痴颈惫腻诲补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补, p. 370).鈥斺�極ne who tries to contaminate the limbs of the kingdom鈥擬inister, etc., and the people鈥攕hould be put to death.鈥�
驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 (2.240).鈥斺�極ne who forges weighing scales, royal edicts, weights and measures, or coins,鈥攁nd one who deals with these,鈥攕hould be fined the highest amercement.鈥�
Do. (2.294).鈥斺�極ne who subtracts from or adds to a royal edict, and one who lets go an adulterer or a thief,鈥攕hould be fined the highest amercement.鈥�
艢补峁卥丑补-尝颈办丑颈迟补 (础辫补谤腻谤办补, p. 862).鈥斺�極ne who makes use of a forged document, or disobeys a royal edict, and deals with short weights and measures should suffer corporal punishment or cutting off of a limb.鈥�
碍补迟测腻测补苍补 (Do.).鈥斺�極ne who tries to establish his case either by forged evidence or by means of a forged seal, should he fined with the highest amercement.鈥�