Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
by Ganganatha Jha | 1920 | 1,381,940 words | ISBN-10: 8120811550 | ISBN-13: 9788120811553
This is the English translation of the Manusmriti, which is a collection of Sanskrit verses dealing with 鈥楧harma鈥�, a collective name for human purpose, their duties and the law. Various topics will be dealt with, but this volume of the series includes 12 discourses (adhyaya). The commentary on this text by Medhatithi elaborately explains various t...
Verse 1.24 [Creation of Time]
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:
啶曕ぞ啶侧 啶曕ぞ啶侧さ啶苦き啶曕啶む啶多啶� 啶ㄠ啷嵿し啶む啶班ぞ啶｀た 啶椸啶班す啶距啶膏啶むぅ啶� 啷�
啶膏ぐ啶苦い啶� 啶膏ぞ啶椸ぐ啶距え啷� 啶多啶侧ぞ啶ㄠ 啶膏ぎ啶距え啶� 啶掂た啶粪ぎ啶距え啶� 啶� 啷� 啷ㄠオ 啷�k膩la峁� k膩lavibhakt墨艣ca nak峁tr膩峁噄 grah膩峁僺tath膩 |
sarita岣� s膩gar膩n 艣ail膩n sam膩ni vi峁m膩ni ca || 24 ||[He created] also Time, the Divisions of Time, the Lunar Mansions, the Planets, the Rivers, the Oceans, the Mountains and the tracts of land, plain and rugged.鈥�(24)
惭别诲丑腻迟颈迟丑颈鈥檚 commentary (尘补苍耻产丑腻峁补):
The author mentions Time, because it belongs to the same category (of 鈥榓ction鈥�) as Duty. It is only according to Vai艣esikas that Time is a substance; according to others it is a form of action; it consists in the extension of the motions of the Sun and other planets, and is liable to return.
鈥�Divisious of Time鈥欌�攕uch divisions as into 鈥榤onth,鈥� 鈥榮eason,鈥� 鈥榟alf-year,鈥� 鈥榶ear鈥� and so forth.
鈥�Lunar Mansions鈥欌�攕uch as 碍峁泃迟颈办腻 (Pleiades), 搁辞丑颈峁嚹� (Aldebaran) and the rest.
鈥�Planets鈥欌�擲un and the rest.
鈥�Rivers鈥欌赌攕迟谤别补尘蝉.
鈥�Oceans鈥欌�攕eas鈥攁nd 鈥楳ountains.鈥�
鈥�Even tracts of land鈥欌�攕uch tracts of land as are of one uniform form, devoid of ditches and holes.鈥斺��Rugged tracts of land鈥欌�攕uch as are high and low.鈥�(24)
Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha
惭别诲丑腻迟颈迟丑颈 (p. 19, 1. 21)鈥擨t is interesting to note that even so late as 惭别诲丑腻迟颈迟丑颈鈥檚 time, the Lunar Mansions were counted from 碍峁泃迟颈办腻 onwards, and not from 础艣惫颈苍墨 as in the more recent astronomical systems. (See Thibaut on 鈥業ndian Astronomy鈥� in Indian Thought Vol. I.)
This verse is quoted in the 骋补诲腻诲丑补谤补辫补诲诲丑补迟颈 鈥� 碍腻濒补蝉腻谤补, p. 5, as describing the creation of time and its divisions;鈥攁lso in the 碍腻濒补尘腻诲丑补惫补 (p. 45) as describing the creation of time by God; it reads 鈥�vibhaktim鈥� for 鈥�惫颈产丑补办迟颈岣�.鈥�