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39
indeed makes all this known; meditate on speech, "75 "Mediate
on food as the Self."76 Examples of such injunctions could
be multiplied indefinitely.
In a
Up膩sana may be understood as a discipline that was
explorative and yet at the same time conservative.
period of transition, it functioned as a creative mediator
at the interface between the archaic, ritualistic symbology
of the samhitas and br膩hma峁嘺s and the more philosophical
vision of the Upani峁�ads. The writers of the classical
Ved盲nta explain that various up膩sanas were meant to be
practiced by different persons at varying stages of life.
The student, the householder, the priest, the hermit, and so
on,
we are told, each had their proper objects of
meditation, which reflected the highest truth in varying
degrees according to the interests and capacities of the
individuals concerned. 77
The purpose of the discipline was
constant recollection of Brahman as present in its different
manifestations, with the aim, according to the
interpretation of Sankara's school, of purifying the mind
and preparing it gradually for the ultimate realization.
Up膩sana is generally translated as "meditation, and
with good reason. 艢amkara defines it in terms that remind
us of the dhy膩na of the Yogas眉tras.
78 10
In the introduction
to his commentary on the CU, he states: "Up膩sana is a
continuous current of identical thoughts, unbroken by any