Essay name: Bhakti-rasayana by Madhusudana Sarasvati
Author:
Lance Edward Nelson
Affiliation: McMaster University / Religious Studies
This is a study and English translation of the Bhakti-rasayana by Madhusudana Sarasvati (16th century)—one of the greatest and most vigorous exponents of Advaita after Shankara-Acharya who was also a great devotee of Krishna. The Bhaktirasayana attempts to merge non-dualist metaphysics with the ecstatic devotion of the Bhagavata Purana, by asserting that Bhakti is the highest goal of life and by arguinng that Bhakti embodies God within the devotee's mind.
Page 360 of: Bhakti-rasayana by Madhusudana Sarasvati
360 (of 553)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
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348
This, we must assume, is intended as a description of the
experience of the jivanmukta.
59 The GAD's presentation of the glory of bhakti is
certainly impressive. And yet at the same time the
unqualified support of the devotional spirituality that we
found in the BR is missing. Not only does the GAD reject
the earlier text's understanding of bhakti as an independent
path, it also drops the theme, so important in the BR, of
bhakti as the highest goal of life (paramapuruṣārtha).
idea is simply not mentioned. The only possible basis for
The
an argument that that Madhusudana may still be entertaining
this theory is found in two passages, already referred to,
found in his commentary on chapter 18. The first asserts
that bhaktiyoga is the Lord's "most secret word, more secret
than karmayoga and jñānayoga its fruit, more secret than
all, supreme, elevated above all."60 In the second,
explaining the relationship between the disciplines of karma
and jñāna and the path of bhakti, Madhusudana declares that
the latter is the "means to both and the end of both."61
But there is no explanation of what is meant by either of
these pregnant sayings, and the first may be merely an echo
of the BG verse (18.64) being commented upon.
Ѳܲū岹Բ,
furthermore, makes no attempt to suggest, as he does in the
BR, that the blissful experience of Kṛṣṇa-bhakti enjoyed in
jIvanmukti is eternal. On the contrary, he asserts that the
