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Essay name: Bhakti-rasayana by Madhusudana Sarasvati

Author: Lance Edward Nelson
Affiliation: McMaster University / Religious Studies

This is a study and English translation of the Bhakti-rasayana by Madhusudana Sarasvati (16th century)—one of the greatest and most vigorous exponents of Advaita after Shankara-Acharya who was also a great devotee of Krishna. The Bhaktirasayana attempts to merge non-dualist metaphysics with the ecstatic devotion of the Bhagavata Purana, by asserting that Bhakti is the highest goal of life and by arguinng that Bhakti embodies God within the devotee's mind.

Page 242 of: Bhakti-rasayana by Madhusudana Sarasvati

Page:

242 (of 553)


External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Warning! Page nr. 242 has not been proofread.

230
but rather included as two sub-varieties of preyas.
82 Madhusudana, furthermore, gives full recognition to several
varieties of bhaktirasa that the GosvÄmins de-emphasize or
ignore completely.
Of course, these differences may well be
little more than minor variations on the same theme.
It
remains, nevertheless, that the correspondences between
these two systems of cataloging devotional sentiment are not
always easy to discern. This fact, combined with
Madhusudana's willingness to give emotions not directed
toward the Lord the status of rasa, may be taken as evidence
of the independence of his work from that of the Bengal
school.
It is significant, however, that Madhusudana's
Suddha, even though he rejects the aestheticians' sÄnta, is
hard to distinguish from the Vaiṣṇavas' version of the
latter sentiment. The term suddha, we have seen, is
sometimes used by the GosvÄmins themselves to designate the
sthÄyibhÄva of santa. Is this an indication that
Madhusudana was borrowing from the Vaiṣṇava tradition?
cannot be sure. In any case, the most important difference
between Madhusüdana's system and that of the Vaiṣṇavas has
yet to be discussed. It is not so much formal as
We
axiological; that is to say, it concerns the valuation of
the rasas listed rather than the question of which
sentiments happen to be included in the lists themselves.

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