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Essay name: Bhakti-rasayana by Madhusudana Sarasvati

Author: Lance Edward Nelson
Affiliation: McMaster University / Religious Studies

This is a study and English translation of the Bhakti-rasayana by Madhusudana Sarasvati (16th century)—one of the greatest and most vigorous exponents of Advaita after Shankara-Acharya who was also a great devotee of Krishna. The Bhaktirasayana attempts to merge non-dualist metaphysics with the ecstatic devotion of the Bhagavata Purana, by asserting that Bhakti is the highest goal of life and by arguinng that Bhakti embodies God within the devotee's mind.

Page 189 of: Bhakti-rasayana by Madhusudana Sarasvati

Page:

189 (of 553)


External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Warning! Page nr. 189 has not been proofread.

177
bhagavat the impersonal Absolute, the structure of bhakti is
turning out to be strikingly similar to, and in some
respects difficult to distinguish from, that of knowledge of
Brahman.
There are two ways in which such knowledge is spoken
of in Advaita. Interestingly enough, they correspond
closely to the two conceptions of bhakti presented in the
BR. In the first, knowledge is understood as a mental mode
which has assumed the "form" of Brahman, thereby destroying
Ignorance and allowing the self-luminous reality to reveal
itself in its fullness. Such an identification of knowledge
and the mental mode is useful at levels of discourse which
do not require the most rigorous precision.
however, it can be only figurative.49 This is because it
suggests a duality between knowledge and Brahman which the
Advaita does not want to support. In the final analysis,
the vṛtti is insentient (jada), a product of māyā. Advaita
must, for this reason, identify knowledge with Consciousness
itself, remaining true to the "great saying" of the
Upanisad: "Brahman is truth, knowledge, infinite."50
51 Ultimately,
Knowledge of Brahman then
Strictly speaking jñāna is not the vṛtti but Consciousness
as reflected in the vṛtti.
becomes the reflection of Consciousness in its purity on the
akhaṇḍākāracittavṛtti ("mental modification of the undivided
form")--the psychic mode, generated by the "great sayings"

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