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To make all of this clear, the author explains the behavior of the mind: 4. THE SUBSTANCE OF THE MIND, LIKE LAC, IS HARD BY NATURE. IN CONJUNCTION WITH OBJECTS THAT SERVE Advaitasiddhi 135 HEATING AGENTS, HOWEVER, IT WILL BECOME MELTED.

262 There can be no destruction of the hardness of lac without conjunction with heating agents like fire. Rather, when there is contact with such things as sunlight, there will be mere softening and not a complete melting. This fact is well known. In the same way, without conjunction with heating agents such as the objects of desire, anger, and so on--which will be explained immediately below--there cannot be any melting of the mind. The result of contact with just any object will be mere softening. This is why the word "heating agent" is used. The author now enumerates these heating agents: 5. THE HEATING AGENTS FOR THE LAC OF THE MIND ARE DESIRE, ANGER, FEAR, AFFECTION, JOY, GRIEF, COMPASSION, AND SO ON. WHEN THESE SUBSIDE, THE MIND BECOMES HARD. He will give the definitions of each of these and explain their differences.136 The basic idea here is that whatever object stimulates a high degree of desire, anger, or other emotion will cause the mind to melt. When the emotion ceases due to the transference of attention to another object, the mind will again become hard. The author now states the purpose of the melting of the mind: A 6. THE FORM WHICH ANY OBJECT IMPRINTS IN A MELTED MIND MAY BE DESIGNATED BY TERMS [MEANING "PERMANENT IMPRESSION"] SUCH Advaitasiddhi SAMSKARA, VASANA, BHAVA, OR BHAVANA. 137 But it cannot be identified with the "soul-property" postulated by the logicians of the Nyaya as something

263 generated by perishable cognitions.138 This the meaning [ of the stanza]. 7. IN CONJUNCTION WITH A NON-HEATING AGENT THE MIND ONLY BECOMES SOFT. NOTHING AT ALL CAN ENTER INTO SUCH A MIND Advaitasiddhi A PERMANENT IMPRESSION. 139 The prefix "non-" is used here in the sense of "slightly." When there is conjunction with objects which are non-heating agents--that is, like the sunlight in the lac analogy, only slightly heating--there is merely a moderate loosening of the parts of the mind. In such a mind, therefore, as in lac that is only slightly melted, no object can enter as a permanent impression. An object may enter as a semblance of a permanent impression, but that is something quite different. In the melted mind, there is a permanent impression; but when there is mere softening there is only a semblance of a permanent impression. The author states the decisive factor in this: 8. WHATEVER HAS ENTERED THE MIND WHILE IT IS IN THE MELTED CONDITION IS NOT RELEASED BY THE MIND EVEN WHEN IT MELTS AGAIN AFTER REGAINING ITS HARDNESS. Although the same vermilion color which is introduced into melted lac reappears when the lac comes into contact with fire and its hardness is removed again, the color which is put into lac when it is merely soft does not reappear when there is remelting. In the same way, the form of the object that enters into the mind while it is melted, remaining

264 there until the mind has regained its hardness, is not abandoned by the mind. It continues to present itself even when another object is being apprehended during another melting. Therefore it is called a permanent impression. But the form that enters during the state of softness does not remain until the mind becomes hard again. Or if it does, it is abandoned by the mind when another object is being perceived. Hence it is a semblance of a permanent impression. This is the meaning of the stanza. Therefore he into whose melted mind the form of the Blessed Lord enters even once 140 is completely fulfilled, because the Lord will be constantly present in his awareness. As it is said: He who sees the Self in the form of the Blessed Lord in all creatures and sees all creatures in the Self which is the Blessed Lord is the best of the Lord's devotees. 11.2.45 Seeing the Lord in all beings is possible because His very form, having entered the melted state of the mind, shines forth while one is perceiving them, just as the color which has been infused into melted lac is always present. And since such a permanent impression is indestructible, he who has it is called an advanced devotee. This is the intention of the verse. 1