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Shruta, Śܳٲ, Śܳ: 28 definitions

Introduction:

Shruta means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit terms Śܳٲ and Śܳ can be transliterated into English as Sruta or Shruta, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Wisdom Library: Bhagavata Purana

1) Śܳٲ (श्रु�):—Son of Bhagīratha (son of Dilipa). He had a son named Nābha. (see Bhāgavata Purāṇa 9.9.16-17)

2) Śܳٲ (श्रु�):—Son of Subhāṣaṇa (son of Yuyudha). He had a son named Jaya. (see Bhāgavata Purāṇa 9.13.25)

: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

1) Śܳٲ (श्रु�).—Son of Bhīmasena. (Agni Purāṇa, Chapter 278).

2) Śܳٲ (श्रु�).—A King of the Solar dynasty. Bhāgavata, 9th Skandha refers to him as the son of Subhāṣaṇa and father of Jaya.

3) Śܳٲ (श्रु�).—A King belonging to Bharata’s dynasty. He was the son of Dharmanetra and father of Dṛḍhasena. (Bhāgavata, 9th Skandha).

4) Śܳٲ (श्रु�).—A son born to Śrī Kṛṣṇa by Kālindī. (Bhāgavata, 10th Skandha).

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) Śܳٲ (श्रु�).—A son of Bhagiratha (Suhotra, Viṣṇu-purāṇa) and father of Nābha(ga).*

  • * Bhāgavata-purāṇa IX. 9. 16; Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 63. 169; Vāyu-purāṇa 88. 160; Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 4. 36.

1b) A son of Subhāṣaṇa, and father of Jaya.*

  • * Bhāgavata-purāṇa IX. 13. 25.

1c) A son of Kṛṣṇa and Kālindī.*

  • * Bhāgavata-purāṇa X. 61. 14.

1d) A son of Medhā.*

  • * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 9. 59; Vāyu-purāṇa 10. 35.

1e) A son of Svārociṣa Manu.*

  • * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 36. 19.

1f) A son of Suvarca.*

  • * Vāyu-purāṇa 89. 21.
: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical study

Śܳٲ (श्रु�) is the son of Bhagiratha (Bhagīratha?) and grandson of Dilipa (Dilīpa?), according to the ղṃśānܳٲ section of the 10th century ܰܰṇa: one of the various Upapurāṇas depicting Śaivism.—Accordingly, [...] Dilipa was the Son of Aṃśumān and Bhagiratha (Bhagīratha?) was born from Dilipa. Bhagiratha propitiated Śiva by his penance and received the best of boons. [...] Śܳٲ was the son of Bhagiratha. Nabhāga was the son of Śܳٲ.

Purana book cover
context information

The Purana (पुरा�, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Śܳٲ (श्रु�).�lit. what is actually heard; the word is used in connection with such statements as are made by the authoritative grammarians, Panini and the Varttikakara by their actual utterance or wording, as contrasted with such dictums as can be deduced only from their writings. cf. श्रुतानुभितंयो� श्रौतः संबन्ध� बलीयान् (śtānubhitaṃyo� śrauta� saṃbandho balīyān). Par. Sek Pari. 104.

Vyakarana book cover
context information

Vyakarana (व्याकर�, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

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Kavya (poetry)

[«𱹾dzܲ Ա»] � Shruta in Kavya glossary
Source: Wisdom Library: Kathāsaritsāgara

Śܳ (श्रुता), daughter of Dīrghadaṃṣṭra, is one of the five Vidyādhara maidens that vowed to take Naravāhanadatta for a husband together, as mentioned in the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 110. Accordingly, as Mandaradevī said to her father Akampana and to emperor Naravāhanadatta: �... I have four companions here, of like age, noble maidens; [...] the third is the offspring of Dīrghadaṃṣṭra, named Śܳ [...] We five, when roaming about, saw previously in a grove of ascetics this my destined husband, and, setting our hearts on him, we [viz., Śܳ] made an agreement together that we would all, at one and the same time, take him for our husband, but that, if any single one married him alone, the others should enter the fire, and lay the guilt at her door�.

The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story�), mentioning Śܳ, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the 󲹰 (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.

Kavya book cover
context information

Kavya (काव्�, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry� and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry�.

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Ayurveda (science of life)

Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)

: archive.org: The Elephant Lore of the Hindus

Sruta (स्रु�) refers to the “oozing (of phlegm)� (from the trunk of an elephant), according to the 15th century ٲṅgī composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient  India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 5, “on marks of the stages of life”]: �18. Constantly weeping, with phlegm ever oozing (sruta) from his trunk [satata� kaṭasrutakapha�], with skin discolored and rough, going outside the herd through fear, deserted by thoughts of love and by the growth of tusks, without heroism, with constantly closing eyes, in the eighth stage his wounds do not heal quickly, and the skin, on which the lines of hair are destroyed, shrinks greatly�.

Ayurveda book cover
context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā

Śܳٲ (श्रु�) refers to “learning�, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “How then, son of good family, does the Bodhisattva collect all qualities of the Buddha by thorough practice (DzԾś-Dz)? [...] Learning (śܳٲ) is the cause of great insight; the Bodhisattva, not being entangled in the preconceived viewpoints, having transferred the learning without apprehending into omniscience, fulfils the perfection of insight. In the same way with all good qualities, whatever the cause of good qualities accumulated, its effect will appear without effort. Further, the cause and conditions are called thorough mental effort. [...]�.

: WikiPedia: Mahayana Buddhism

Śܳٲ (श्रु�) or Śܳٲbala (Tibetan: thos-pa) refers to the “power of hearing� representing one of the six Bala (“powers�) connected with śٳ (“access concentration�), according to Kamalaśīla and the Śrāvakabhūmi section of the Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra.

Mahayana book cover
context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many ūٰ of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā ūٰ.

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Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

: Rigpa Shedra: Wiki

Śrūta (श्रू�) or Śrūtabala refers to the “power of listening/study� and represents one of the “six powers� (ṣaḍb) through which are accomplished the nine stages of resting the mind.—Śrūta-bala is known in Tibetan as Töpa (thos pa).—‘Resting the mind� is accomplished through listening to meditation instructions.

Tibetan Buddhism book cover
context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (Բ) are collected indepently.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Jainism

Śܳٲ (श्रु�, “scriptures�) refers to “attributing faults the scriptures� and is one of the causes leading to the influx (Բ) of faith-deluding (岹śԲ-dz󲹲īⲹ) karmas.

Śܳٲ is a Sanskrit technical term defined in the Tattvārthasūtra (ancient authorative Jain scripture) from the 2nd century, which contains aphorisms dealing with philosophy and the nature of reality.

: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra

Śܳٲ (श्रु�) or ŚܳٲñԲ refers to one of the five types of “right-knowledge� (ⲹñԲ), as mentioned in chapter 1.3 [īś-ٰ] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism. Accordingly, as mentioned in Ṛṣabha’s sermon:—“[...] ǰṣa is attained by those who practice unceasingly the brilliant triad of knowledge, faith, and conduct. Among these, exact knowledge which comes from a summary or detailed study of the principles, ī, etc., is called ‘right-knowledge� (ⲹñԲ). [...] Śܳٲ-ñԲ, several fold, must be known as characterized by the word , made many fold by the Pūrvas, Aṅgas, Upāṅgas and Prakīrṇakas�.

: Jain eLibrary: 7th International Summer School for Jain Studies

Śܳٲ (Scripture or Canon) is the soul of the religious traditions. It is an anthology of the sermons of Tīrthaṅkaras, may be called God in non-Jain traditions, or their direct or indirect disciples who have attained the certain spiritual purification. It is therefore established as an authority and priority as the form of religion. The scriptural texts are engraved in the hearts of believers who draw inspiration and revival from them in every age.

The Śܳٲ is of two types:

  1. ṅgⲹ
  2. and Aṅgapraviṣṭa (further divided in 12 types).
: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 6: Influx of karmas

Śܳٲ (श्रु�).—What is meant by the scriptures (śܳٲ)? The sermons propounded by an omniscient; heard, memorized and composed as texts by ascetics with special attainments (called ṇa󲹰) are called scriptures.

What is meant by finding faults in the scriptures (śܳٲ-avarṇavāda)? To say ‘that to eat meat, to take alcohol, to eat at night, to indulge in sensual pleasures� are all prescribed in the scriptures is finding faults in the scriptures.

: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra

Śܳٲ (श्रु�, “scriptural�) refers to one of the five types of knowledge (ñԲ), according to Tattvārthasūtra 1.9.—What is meant by verbal/scriptural knowledge (śܳٲ)? Knowledge acquired due to subsidence-cum-destruction of scriptural based knowledge obscuring (śܳٲjnānavarṇa) karmas is called scriptural based knowledge. Alternatively it can also be defined as the special knowledge acquired further based on mind-based knowledge.

How is verbal / scriptural knowledge (śܳٲ-ñԲ) acquired? The verbal /scriptural knowledge is acquired after mind-based knowledge (mati). It is therefore called as knowledge by testimony and not by acquaintance. How many kinds of scriptural knowledge are there? There are two or many as well as 12 types of scriptural knowledge indicated in the scriptures. What are the two types of scriptural knowledge? Inner-corpus (ṅg-ṣṭ) and external-corpus (ṅg-ⲹ) are the two type of scriptural knowledge.

: JAINpedia: Jainism

Śܳٲ (श्रु�) in Sanskrit (Suya in Prakrit) refers to “scriptural knowledge� (or, more broadly, knowledge from what is heard) and represents one of the five types of knowledge, as explained in the Nandīsūtra.—The heart of the Nandī-sūtra deals with the concept of cognition or knowledge in its various divisions and subdivisions. This is also an appropriate topic for a text that transcends all categories in the Śvetāmbara canon, for it can be regarded as a prerequisite to the scriptures. First comes the list of the five types of knowledge [viz., śܳٲ, “scriptural knowledge”], known from other sources as well, such as the Tattvārtha-sūtra I. 9-33

General definition book cover
context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

śܳٲ (श्रु�).—p (S) Heard. 2 That has heard. 3 Learned in the Vedas and Shastras. 4 Prescribed by or conformable to the Vedas. śܳٲ karaṇēṃ (To make heard.) To tell in the ears of; to inform or advise of. śܳٲ� harati pāpāni Declaration or confession removes sin.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

śܳٲ (श्रु�).�p Heard; that has heard. śܳٲ karaṇēṃ Inform of.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Śܳٲ (श्रु�).�p. p. [ś-ٲ]

1) Heard, listened to.

2) Reported, heard of.

3) Learnt, ascertained, understood.

4) Wellknown, famous, celebrated, renowned; श्रुतानुभावं शरणं व्रज भावे� भाविनि (śtānubhāva� śaraṇa� vraja bhāvena bhāvini) Bhāgavata 3.32.11; श्रुतस्य कि� तत� सदृश� कुलस्य (śܳٲsya ki� tat sadṛśa� kulasya) R.14.61;3.4.

5) Named, called.

6) Promised; तदवश्य� त्वय� कार्यं यदने� श्रुतं मम (tadavaśya� tvayā kārya� yadanena śܳٲ� mama) 峾.2.18.21.

7) Vedic, like Vedas (岹ū貹); गिरः श्रुताया� पुष्पिण्या मधुगन्धे� भूरिणा (gira� śtāyā� puṣpiṇyā madhugandhena bhūriṇ�) Bhāgavata 4.2.25.

-tam 1 The object of hearing.

2) That which was heard by revelation i. e. the Veda, holy learning, sacred knowledge; श्रुतप्रकाशम� (śܳٲprakāśam) R.5.2.

3) Learning in general (); श्रोत्रं श्रुतेनै� � कुण्डलेन (śrotra� śtenaiva na kuṇḍalena) (پ) 󲹰ṛh 2.71; R.3.21;5.22; अग्निहोत्रफल� वेदा� शीलवत्तफलं श्रुतम� (agnihotraphalā vedā� śīlavattaphala� śܳٲm) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 2.15;4.68.

4) The act of hearing; योगे बुद्धि�, श्रुते सत्त्व�, मन� ब्रह्मणि धारयन् (yoge buddhi�, śte sattva�, mano brahmaṇi dhārayan) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12.177.31.

--- OR ---

Sruta (स्रु�).�p. p.

1) Flowed, trickled, dripping &c.

2) Gone.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śܳٲ (श्रु�).—mfn.

(-ٲ�--ٲ�) 1. Heard. 2. Understood. 3. Well-known. n.

(-ٲ�) 1. Sacred science, holy writ, &c. 2. The object of hearing, that which is heard. 3. Learning in general. E. ś to hear, aff. kta .

--- OR ---

Sruta (स्रु�).—mfn.

(-ٲ�--ٲ�) Flowing, dropping, falling, (as a fluid.) f.

(-) A drug, commonly Hingupatri. E. snu to flow, aff. kta .

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śܳٲ (श्रु�).—[adjective] heard, learnt, mentioned, stated, named, known as, famous, celebrated; [neuter] hearing, learning, lore, tradition, (sacred) knowledge.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Śܳٲ (श्रु�):—[from ś] mfn. heard, listened to, heard about or of, taught, mentioned, orally transmitted or communicated from age to age, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Chāndogya-upaniṣad; Mahābhārata] etc.

2) [v.s. ...] known, famous, celebrated, [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda; Brāhmaṇa; Mahābhārata]

3) [v.s. ...] known as, called ([nominative case] with iti), [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.

4) [v.s. ...] m. Name of a son of Bhagīratha, [Harivaṃśa]

5) [v.s. ...] of a son of Kṛṣṇa, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]

6) [v.s. ...] of a son of Su-bhāṣaṇa, [ib.]

7) [v.s. ...] of a son of Upagu, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]

8) Śܳ (श्रुता):—[from śܳٲ > ś] f. Name of a daughter of Dīrgha-daṃṣṭra, [Kathāsaritsāgara]

9) Śܳٲ (श्रु�):—[from ś] n. anything heard, that which has been heard ([especially] from the beginning), knowledge as heard by holy men and transmitted from generation to generation, oral tradition or revelation, sacred knowledge (in the [Purāṇa] personified as a child of Dharma and Medhā), the Veda, [Atharva-veda] etc. etc.

10) [v.s. ...] the act of hearing, [Muṇḍaka-upaniṣad; Kāvya literature; Kathāsaritsāgara]

11) [v.s. ...] learning or teaching, instruction (śܳٲ�-√k�, ‘to learn�), [Āpastamba]

12) [v.s. ...] memory, remembrance, [Atharva-veda i, 1, 2.]

13) ūٲ (स्रू�):—[from ī] mfn. gone

14) [v.s. ...] dried, withered, [Pāṇini 6-4, 20.]

15) Sruta (स्रु�):—[from sru] mfn. streaming, flowing, having flowed from ([compound]), [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.

16) [v.s. ...] flowed out, become empty (as a jar), [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]

17) [v.s. ...] flowed asunder, dissolved, [ib.; Suśܳٲ]

18) ܳ (स्रुता):—[from sruta > sru] f. a kind of medicinal plant (= 󾱲Բ-貹ٳٰī), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

19) Sruta (स्रु�):—[from sru] n. flowing, a flow, [Atharva-veda]

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Śܳٲ (श्रु�):—[(ta�--ٲ�) a.] Heard, understood. n. Sacred science; what is heard.

2) Sruta (स्रु�):—[(ta�--ٲ�) a.] Flowing, dropping. 1. f. A drug, Hingupatri.

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Śܳٲ (श्रु�) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Suya, Sua, ṇi, Ჹṇi.

[Sanskrit to German]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम� (ṃsṛt), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

[«𱹾dzܲ Ա»] � Shruta in Hindi glossary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Śܳٲ (श्रु�) [Also spelled srut]:�(a) heard, received through the ear.

context information

...

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Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Śܳٲ (ಶ್ರು�):�

1) [adjective] heard; listened; heard about or of.

2) [adjective] well-known; famous; renowned.

--- OR ---

Śܳٲ (ಶ್ರು�):�

1) [noun] that which can be or is heard.

2) [noun] the act of hearing.

3) [noun] that which is favourably known over a wide area; a famous thing.

4) [noun] a renowned man; a celebrity.

5) [noun] the vedas.

6) [noun] knowledge transmitted from one generation to another generation orally.

--- OR ---

Sruta (ಸ್ರು�):�

1) [adjective] flowed (in stream).

2) [adjective] trickled; dripped.

3) [adjective] gone or gone away.

--- OR ---

Sruta (ಸ್ರು�):—[noun] any liquid (that flows).

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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Nepali dictionary

: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Śܳٲ (श्रु�):—adj. 1. heard, listened to; 2. reported, heard of; 3. learnt, ascertained, understood; 4. well-known. famous; celebrated, renown; 5. named, called;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

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