Ratra, 搁腻迟谤补: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Ratra means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�) refers to the 鈥渘ight鈥�, according to the B峁沨atsa峁僪it膩 (chapter 8), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Var膩hamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyoti峁).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淚f the disc of Jupiter should appear of the colour of fire, there will be fear from fire; if yellow, there will be disease in the land; if dark-blue, there will be wars; if green, suffering from thieves, and if of blood color, suffering from weapons. If the disc of Jupiter should appear of the colour of smoke, there will be drought; if it should be visible during day, rulers will perish and if it should appear large and clear at night [i.e., 谤腻迟谤补], mankind will be happy鈥�.
Jyotisha (啶溹啶啶むた啶�, 箩测辞迟颈峁 or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�) refers to the 鈥渘ight鈥�, according to the Guhyas奴tra chapter 3.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸...] [If] one wanders in the cremation-ground at night (谤腻迟谤补), with a skull in one鈥檚 hand and a Kha峁璿膩峁単a, covered in ashes, that is called the cremation-ground observance. If one dances, sings, laughs and talks madly, with the body smeared in ashes and wearing rags, this is called the Ga峁嘺vrata. One performs the Clod-of-Earth Observance by being engaged in recitation, feeding on alms, sleeping on the earth, with senses controlled, engaged in meditation and restraint. [...]鈥�.
: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�) refers to the 鈥渘ight鈥�, according to the Netratantra of K峁mar膩ja: a 艢aiva text from the 9th century in which 艢iva (Bhairava) teaches P膩rvat墨 topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.鈥擜ccordingly, [verse 19.110-113, while describing the king鈥檚 consecration]鈥斺�淸The mantrin] who is free from doubt should consecrate [the king] in a solitary place at night (谤腻迟谤补) and on a day of auspicious protection. With auspicious cries like "victory!" and the sounds of the auspicious Veda, he should consecrate [the king] with water and make oblations of white mustard seeds [while he] proclaims the name [of the king] [...]鈥�.
Shaiva (啶多啶�, 艣aiva) or Shaivism (艣aivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�) refers to a 鈥渘ight鈥�, according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.鈥擜ccordingly, as 莫艣vara says to V膩madeva: 鈥淸...] [Now], I shall define the nature of that highest, mind-free absorption which arises for those devoted to constant practice. [...] By means of an absorption for a day (ahan) and night (谤腻迟谤补), the Yogin who is steady in his seated posture knows smells from afar, because of the cessation of the activity of his mind. [...]鈥�.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as 膩sanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Pancaratra (worship of N膩r膩ya峁嘺)
: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita鈥擳ext on Visha Chikitsa (p)搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�) refers to the five kinds of knowledge, as taught by the P膩帽ca谤腻迟谤补 division of the Vai峁ａ箛ava 膧gamas (the other being P膩帽ca谤腻迟谤补).鈥�
- Mukti or liberation,
- Tattva (Truth),
- Bhakti (devotion),
- Yoga (meditation) and
- Vi峁ya (material world).
Pancaratra (啶ぞ啶炧啶氞ぐ啶距い啷嵿ぐ, p膩帽ca谤腻迟谤补) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch膩搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�) refers to the 鈥渘ight鈥�, according to the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch膩: the eighth chapter of the Mah膩sa峁僴ip膩ta (a collection of Mah膩y膩na Buddhist S奴tras).鈥擜ccordingly, as Gaganaga帽ja said to Ratnap膩峁噄: 鈥淪on of good family, those sixty-four dharmas are included in one hundred twenty-eight dharmas. What are those one hundred twenty-four? [...] (59) the lightness of body is included in knowing the proper time for eating and making an effort at practicing vigilance in the beginning (辫奴谤惫补-谤腻迟谤补) and end of the night (apara-谤腻迟谤补); (60) lightness of thought is included in eagerness and examination; (61) being free from lassitude is included in impermanence and suffering; (62) desire is included in the absence of what belongs to the ego and property; [...]鈥欌��.
: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on Agriculture搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�) refers to the 鈥渘ight鈥�, according to the 痴补箩谤补迟耻峁囜笉补蝉补尘补测补办补濒辫补谤腻箩补, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.鈥擜ccordingly [as the Bhagav膩n taught the detailed offering-manual], 鈥淸...] Then it should be threatened with a pomegranate branch. It rises up and shows its tongue. It appears all night (谤腻迟谤补) long. All N膩gas become subdued. Whatever one says, it does that. Milk and mustard seeds should be enchanted with the mantra 108 times. If it is scattered everywhere, there is the restoration [of adverse effects] for all [N膩gas]鈥�.
Mahayana (啶す啶距く啶距え, mah膩y膩na) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many 蝉奴迟谤补蝉 of which some of the earliest are the various Praj帽膩p膩ramit膩 蝉奴迟谤补蝉.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary谤腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�).鈥攆 (谤腻迟谤颈 S) Night. 2 (For 谤腻迟谤补ki岣嵞�) A cricket. 谤腻迟谤补 艒ra岣峚峁嚹撫箖 To ring with the sound of the cricket--the night. 谤腻迟谤补 vai峁泍膩c墨 j膩峁嚹撫箖 in. con. (To pass a night which one's enemy ought to pass.) To pass the night in extreme pain or misery. marat墨 谤腻迟谤补 jh膩l墨 A form of oath or imprecation upon self. See under the phrase band膩kh膩l墨峁� basa峁嚹撫箖.
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English谤腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�) [-tri, -啶む啶班た].鈥�f Night. 谤腻迟谤补 vai峁泍膩c墨 j膩峁嚹撫箖 Pass the night in extreme pain or misery.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�).鈥擺-谤腻迟谤补], a substitute for 谤腻迟峁�, when latter part of comp. words; e. g. ati-, m. 1. The name of a part of the Jyoti峁ａ弓oma, and of the Sattra sacrifices, [搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺] 1, 13, 44; 45. 2. A proper name, [Hariva峁兣沘, (ed. Calc.)] 72. apara-, m. The last watch of the night, [搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺] 3, 22, 29. ardha-, m. Midnight, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 7, 151. eka-, I. m. A festival of one night鈥檚 duration, Mah膩bh膩rata 13, 4914. Ii. n. One night, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 3, 102. cira-, n. A long time, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 3, 266. tri-, n. sing. Three nights or days, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 4, 119; 5, 67. da艣a谤腻迟谤补, i. e. 诲补艣补苍-, m. Ten days, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 5, 65. 辫补帽肠补谤潞, i. e. 辫补帽肠补苍-, I. n. 1. Five nights or days, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 8, 402; 11, 147. 2. The sacred scripture of several Vai峁ａ箛ava sects, Mah膩bh膩rata 12, 7891. Ii. adj. Lasting five nights or days, Mah膩bh膩rata 13, 4914. 辫奴谤惫补-, m. The first part of the night, Mah膩bh膩rata 1, 6443. vi-, Deep night, [厂腻惫颈迟谤测耻辫腻办丑测腻苍补] 6, 28 (cf. 5, 66). 蝉补辫迟补谤潞, i. e. saptan-, n. A period of seven nights, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 2, 187.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�).鈥擺neuter] night, mostly 鈥斅� as [masculine] or [neuter]
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�):鈥攁 谤腻迟谤补ka See below.
2) [from 谤腻迟谤颈] b mn. (ifc.) = 谤腻迟谤颈, [P膩峁噄ni 2-4, 29] (cf. ati-, tri-, 诲颈惫腻-谤 etc.; also used alone in tr墨峁噄 r膩tr膩峁噄, [Mah膩bh膩rata xiii, 6230]).
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)搁腻迟谤补 (啶班ぞ啶む啶�) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ratta, 搁腻测补.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏啶膏啶曕啶むぎ啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Ratracatushka, Ratradvaya, Ratraka, Ratrakida, Ratrandha, Ratrandivasa, Ratrani, Ratraratri, Ratratraya, Ratrau, Ratraubhava.
Full-text (+217): Pancaratra, Ahoratra, Navaratra, Apararatra, Saptaratra, Dasharatra, Purvaratra, Atiratra, Ekaratra, Madhyaratra, Pratiratram, Dviratra, Triratra, Ardharatra, Ciraratra, Ganaratra, Maharatra, Brahmaratra, Anuratram, Punyaratra.
Relevant text
Search found 50 books and stories containing Ratra, 搁腻迟谤补; (plurals include: Ratras, 搁腻迟谤补s). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 6.21.17 < [Chapter 21 - In the Description of the Third Fort, the Glories of Pi峁囜笉膩raka-t墨rtha]
Bhagavati-sutra (Viyaha-pannatti) (by K. C. Lalwani)
Part 3 - On the commencement of rainfall < [Chapter 1]
Lord Hayagriva in Sanskrit Literature (by Anindita Adhikari)
Chronological Development (4): 艢膩nti Parva < [Chapter 3]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 2 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 12 - Bh膩gavata and the Bhagavad-gita < [Chapter XIV - The Philosophy of the Bhagavad-g墨t膩]
Part 12 - Vi峁ａ箛u, Vasudeva and K峁涐梗峁嘺 < [Chapter XIV - The Philosophy of the Bhagavad-g墨t膩]
Part 3 - S膩峁僰hya and Yoga in the G墨t膩 < [Chapter XIV - The Philosophy of the Bhagavad-g墨t膩]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
艢r墨 K峁涐梗峁嘺-vijaya (by 艢r墨 Gunaraja Khan)