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Significance of Pranapana

Pranapana, according to Vedanta, pertains to the functions of breath, distinguishing between two aspects of breathing. Prana represents the inhalation or out-breathing, while Apana signifies exhalation or in-breathing. This concept highlights the interconnected nature of these two vital processes, showcasing how they work together to sustain life and maintain balance within the body's respiratory system.

In Finnish: Pranapana; In Spanish: Pranapana

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Pranapana'

Buddhism Books

Pranapana in Buddhism signifies specific life-breaths integral to the five vital forces essential for sustaining life, highlighting the interconnectedness of breath and vitality in spiritual practice and understanding of existence.

Significance in Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism):
Tibetan Buddhism Books

From: Tattvasangraha [with commentary]

(1) Specific life-breaths referenced as part of the five vital forces crucial for life.[1]

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha鈥檚 words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayana) are collected indepently.

Hindu concept of 'Pranapana'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, Pranapana represents the duality of breath, with prana symbolizing inhalation and apana symbolizing exhalation, reflecting the vital life forces in the rhythm of breathing.

Significance in Vedanta (school of philosophy):
Vedanta Books

From: Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation)

(1) Describes the dual aspects of breathing wherein prana is the breath drawn in and apana is the breath drawn out.[2]

From: Chandogya Upanishad (Shankara Bhashya)

(1) Functions of breath: Prana refers to out-breathing while Apana refers to in-breathing.[3]

From: Thirty minor Upanishads

(1) Two types of life forces or energies that are burned when Vijnana-ghana goes away, suggesting a connection to bodily functions and vitality.[4]

From: Taittiriya Upanishad Bhashya Vartika

(1) Prana and apana are described as two forms of life energy, integral to the concepts of acquisition and preservation in yoga.[5]

From: Brahma Sutras (Shankaracharya)

(1) Prana refers to the forward-function related to aspiration, while apana is the backward-function associated with inspiration.[6]

Vedanta refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).