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Significance of Motion

Motion has varied interpretations across different contexts. In Jyotisha, it relates to the speed of planets and the sequence of periods when motion is similar. Mahayana and Theravada Buddhism see Motion as formal proposals made by monks to the Order regarding ordination and addressing behavioral issues. In India鈥檚 history, it represents an imbalance within Prakriti. Lastly, in Science, Motion denotes the action of moving, with its range assessed in specific anatomical areas.1
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Synonyms: Movement, Action, Mobility, Activity, Locomotion, Gesture, Vitality, Progress, Change, Travel

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Motion'

Buddhism Books

In Buddhism, "Motion" refers to formal proposals within the Order for addressing disputes, discipline, and conduct, facilitating collective decision-making regarding monk ordination, behavior correction, and procedural actions among the community.

Significance in Theravada (major branch of Buddhism):
Theravada Books

From: Vinaya Pitaka (3): Khandhaka

(1) A formal proposal by a monk to the Order to agree upon a specific individual as the accepter of robe-material.[1] (2) A proposal for action presented to the Order regarding the mad monk Gagga and his inconsistent behavior towards the Observance and formal acts.[2] (3) A formal proposal or suggestion introduced for discussion and consideration among the Order.[3] (4) A formal proposal presented to the Order concerning the judgement related to monk Gagga's past insanity.[4] (5) A proposal or suggestion made within the Order for consideration and action regarding disputes and discipline.[5]

From: Vinaya Pitaka (2): Bhikkhuni-vibhanga (the analysis of Nun鈥� rules)

(1) The proposal presented to the Order regarding the removal of kathina privileges.[6] (2) A proposal made to the Order regarding the admonishment of a nun.[7] (3) A formal proposal within the Order concerning the conduct of Candakali, addressing her need to correct her behavior.[8]

From: Vinaya Pitaka (1): Bhikkhu-vibhanga (the analysis of Monks鈥� rules)

(1) A formal proposal made within the Order regarding the actions to be taken concerning an offence.[9] (2) The formal proposal made to the Order about the charge of evasion against Channa, encapsulating the need for collective decision-making.[10]

From: Vinaya Pitaka (4): Parivara

(1) The first resolution in a series of actions that can lead to an offence of wrong-doing.[11] (2) A procedural action or decision which a monk must understand to effectively participate in discussions within an Order.[12]

From: Vinaya (3): The Cullavagga

(1) The formal proposal presented to the Samgha regarding the handling of Bhikkhu Uvalia's case and the ensuing procedures.[13]

Theravada is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Significance in Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism):
Mahayana Books

From: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

(1) The initial request made by the monk to the community, stating the candidate's desire for ordination.[14]

Mahayana is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sutras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajnaparamita sutras.

Hindu concept of 'Motion'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, Motion signifies the speed of celestial bodies, with a structured order governing periods when motions align. It is perceived as a foundational principle, crucial for understanding cosmic movements.

Significance in Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology):
Jyotisha Books

From: Hayanaratna: The Jewel of Annual Astrology

(1) This refers to the speed of the planets. The text describes how the order of periods is determined when the motion is identical.[15] (2) This is primary.[16]

Jyotisha (啶溹啶啶むた啶�, jyotisha or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

The concept of Motion in local and regional sources

History Books

Motion relates to the text by indicating that it disrupts the perfect balance inherent in Prakriti, as motion cannot coexist with perfect equilibrium, highlighting the dynamic nature of existence.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda

(1) This is what you must study, and study nature as a whole, that is, study motion.[17] (2) This is something that cannot exist in a perfect balance, according to the provided text, and the perfect balance is within the Prakriti.[18]

The concept of Motion in scientific sources

Science Books

Motion pertains to the action or process of movement, specifically evaluated within the context of the cervical spine through various techniques, highlighting its significance in assessing spinal mobility and function.

Significance in Scientific journals, articles, etc.:

From: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences

(1) This is the action or process of moving, and the range of this in the cervical spine is assessed using different techniques.[19]

This section includes scientific research in the field of healthcare, often involving traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Holistic health. It includes papers from scientific journals classified as either original, clinical or experimental research, review articles or case reports.