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Significance of Ketu

Ketu, according to Purana, represents (1) the head of Rahu, which was attached by Shiva after its decapitation, and (2) an astrological entity symbolizing spiritual knowledge and insight. In the context of Jyotisha, Ketu denotes luminous bodies like comets and meteors, categorized into celestial, etherial, and terrestrial types. This multifaceted concept connects spiritual significance with astronomical phenomena, illustrating Ketu's importance in both mythology and astrology.1
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The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Hindu concept of 'Ketu'

Hinduism Books

Ketu in Hinduism symbolizes spiritual knowledge and insight, represents luminous celestial bodies, and is the head of Rahu, fixed by Shiva after being severed, illustrating its significance in both astrology and mythology.

Significance in Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology):
Jyotisha Books

From: Hayanaratna: The Jewel of Annual Astrology

(1) Ketu is a planet whose daily period is associated with the same results as Rahu, according to the information provided in the text.[1] (2) Ketu, abbreviated as Ke, represents the south node of the Moon, and is another planet used in astrology, as indicated by the provided text.[2] (3) Ketu, when appearing in a dream, suggests similar dream themes as Saturn, specifically journeys through forests and mountains and interactions with individuals of lower social standing.[3] (4) One of the planets used to calculate periods, and its subperiods bring danger from enemies and princely families, and reversals of many kinds, also resulting in arguments, loss of goods and children, and unhappiness.[4] (5) This celestial body is a significant factor in astrological assessments, influencing various aspects of a person's life such as wealth, relationships, and overall well-being.[5]

From: Brihat Samhita

(1) A term used to describe luminous bodies such as comets, meteors, and similar appearances in the sky, with distinctions made for celestial, etherial, and terrestrial types.[6]

Jyotisha (啶溹啶啶むた啶�, jyotisha or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Garuda Purana

(1) An astrological entity in the ritual context, representing spiritual knowledge and insight.[7]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

The concept of Ketu in local and regional sources

History Books

Ketu, a pseudoplanet and one of the nine grahas in Gargiyajyotisha, is integral to astrological practices, influencing various aspects of spirituality and personal growth, as recognized by regional sources.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: History of Science in South Asia

(1) This is the name of the Moon's descending node, which is obtained by adding 6 rashis to Rahu.[8] (2) Ketu is a pseudoplanet, and it is one of the nine grahas in the Gargiyajyotisha, and also appears in the order of the grahas.[9]