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Significance of Indignation

Indignation, as discussed across various traditions including Vaishnavism, Puranas, and Natyashastra, denotes a strong feeling of displeasure or anger in response to perceived injustices or unfair treatments. It can manifest as a paralysis of emotions or provoke actions, exemplified by figures like Ashvatthama and Dattatreya in their respective narratives. In the context of Indian history, indignation reflects the collective anger towards colonial policies. Overall, it signifies a profound emotional response characterized by strong annoyance and frustration over perceived wrongs.1
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Synonyms: Anger, Resentment, Outrage, Ire, Annoyance, Exasperation, Fury, Wrath, Displeasure

In Dutch: Verontwaardiging; In Finnish: Suuttumus; In Spanish: 滨苍诲颈驳苍补肠颈贸苍; In German: 贰尘辫枚谤耻苍驳

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Hindu concept of 'Indignation'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, indignation signifies emotional paralysis from anger, often linked to perceived injustice or unfair treatment, driving strong responses in characters like Ashvatthama, Durvasa, and Radha, highlighting the complex interplay of emotions and moral values.

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu

(1) Strong displeasure at something considered unjust or offensive, expressed as amarsha.[1] (2) Indignation represents a form of emotional paralysis that can occur due to feelings of anger or injustice, further complicating the emotional landscape and responses.[2] (3) A feeling of anger or annoyance provoked by what is perceived as unfair treatment.[3] (4) Amarsha; strong annoyance provoked by what is perceived as unfair treatment.[4] (5) A strong feeling of displeasure or anger, as demonstrated in the context where Ashvatthama is eager to act as a result of his indignation.[5]

From: Bhajana-Rahasya

(1) The feelings of anger and resentment that arise in Shri Radha upon seeing signs of Krishna with another.[6]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Ramayana of Valmiki (Shastri)

(1) The strong emotion Vedavati feels in response to Ravana's advances.[7] (2) A strong feeling of displeasure or anger, particularly highlighted when Durvasa expresses impatience with Lakshmana.[8]

From: Markandeya Purana

(1) The strong feeling of anger experienced by Dattatreya due to the offense caused to Atri.[9]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy):
Natyashastra Books

From: Abhinaya-darpana (English)

(1) A feeling of anger caused by perceived unfair treatment, expressed through particular head movements.[10]

Natyashastra refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya鈥攖heatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).

Significance in Vaisheshika (school of philosophy):
Vaisheshika Books

From: Padarthadharmasamgraha and Nyayakandali

(1) Indignation arises from aversion linked to feeling outdone by others in terms of personal virtues or qualities.[11]

Vaisheshika refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. Vaisheshika deals with subjects such as logic, epistemology, philosophy and expounds concepts similar to Buddhism in nature

Significance in Vedanta (school of philosophy):
Vedanta Books

From: Prashna Upanishad with Shankara鈥檚 Commentary

(1) An emotional response that can prompt actions, as Prana seemed to ascend from his body due to indignation.[12]

Vedanta refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

The concept of Indignation in local and regional sources

History Books

Indignation denotes a powerful emotional response to injustices, exemplified by characters' frustration over perceived wrongs against Sakuntala, as well as widespread Indian discontent with British exclusion from governance and resentment towards Soviet actions.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: Triveni Journal

(1) A feeling of anger or resentment towards injustices, particularly regarding Soviet actions.[13] (2) Expresses the strong feelings of anger and frustration among characters towards perceived injustices, particularly against Sakuntala.[14] (3) The strong displeasure and anger among Indians towards British policies excluding them from self-governance and military service.[15]

From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda

(1) Indignation is anger or annoyance provoked by what is perceived as unfair treatment, and it is described as arising from not recognizing sameness in all things.[16]