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Significance of Apasarpa

Apasarpa, as defined in the Arthashastra, refers to a category of spies with dual loyalties. They gather intelligence for their own king while also receiving compensation from the opposing king. This espionage strategy allows them to serve the vijigishu king by relaying secret information back to their own state, highlighting the complexities of espionage and loyalty in political intrigue. Thus, Apasarpa exemplifies the intricate dynamics of information gathering in ancient warfare.

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Hindu concept of 'Apasarpa'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, Apasarpa can be interpreted as a dual-agent spy, working for both the vijigishu king and the enemy, receiving salaries from each while relaying secret information crucial to both parties.

Significance in Arthashastra (politics and welfare):
Arthashastra Books

From: Shishupala-vadha (Study)

(1) A type of spy who serves the vijigishu king by receiving salary from the enemy king while sending secret information back to their own state.[1] (2) A type of spy who collects information for both his own king and the enemy king, receiving payment from both.[2]

Arthashastra literature concerns itself with the teachings (shastra) of economic prosperity (artha) statecraft, politics and military tactics. The term arthashastra refers to both the name of these scientific teachings, as well as the name of a Sanskrit work included in such literature. This book was written (3rd century BCE) by by Kautilya, who flourished in the 4th century BCE.