Essay name: Hevajra Tantra (analytical study)
Author:
Seung Ho Nam
Affiliation: University of Kerala / Faculty of Oriental Studies
This is an English study of the Hevajra Tantra: an ancient Sanskrit text that teaches the process of attaining Buddha-hood for removing the sufferings of all sentient beings. The Hevajratantra amplifies the views and methods found in the Guhyasamaja Tantra (one of the earliest extant Buddhist Tantras) dealing with Yoga and Mandalas.
Chapter 3 - Tantric Doctrine in Hevajra Tantra
118 (of 138)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
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verses are cited from this chapter to elucidate the point. [HT] In Space, after visualising a Bhaga perform the emanations in the middle of it. Emanate the circle first and then the arising of the deities in the proper order of arising. The circle' is to be understood as the Earth element; 'first' as Water; 'in the order appropriate' as Fire; 'of the deities' as Air and 'the arising in the proper order as that of the emanator. (1.8.1-2)408 [HT] The Circle arising from the Source of Nature is undefiled and has two enclosures. The inner one is formed by the Kiñjalka and the other by the triangle. (1.8.3)409 : [HT] At the centre of this mandala imagine a corpse with fifteen seats. Above that corpse is the Lunar Maṇḍala and above the Moon is the seed-syllable. Then visualise the Sun arising above the Moon. The union of these two, Moon and Sun, is great bliss. Āli is the Moon and Kāli is the Sun. Gauri and the other Yoginis are proclaimed to arise from union of the Moon and Sun. (1.8.4-5)410 [HT] The wise yogi should always emanate the Five Yoginīs located in the inner enclosure as being of the very nature of the Aggregate of the Five Components of Phenomenal Awareness. Vajrā is in the eastern direction [of the inner enclosure], Gauri in the southern, Vāriyogini in the western, Vajraḍākī in the northern and Nairātmyā is in the centre. Further, in the outer enclosure are Gaurī, Caurī, Vetālī, Ghasmari, Pukkasī, Savarī, Caṇḍālī and the eight Dombi. The Yoginis Bhūcarī and Khecarī are located below and above the mandala, respectively. These two deities respectively represent the Phenomenal and the Release. (1.8.11-14)411 [HT] All the Yoginīs are exceedingly fierce, black in colour and adorned with the Five Symbolic Omaments. Each one of them has a single head, blood-red eyes and holds a knife and skull in their hands. The circlet, the ear-rings, the necklace, the bracelets on the wrist and the girdle, by signifying the purification of the Five - 408 khadhātau bhagam dhyātvā madhye kurvīta bhāvanām/ cakram pūrvam yathānyāyam devatānām yathodayam//1/ cakram kṣoṇījalam pūrvam yathānyāyam hutāśanam devatānām mahāvāyur bhāvakaś ca yathodayam//2// (HT[F&M]., p.83) 409 dharmodayodbhavam cakram dviputam hi nirāmayam/ kiñjalkena bhaved ekam trikoṇenāparam śrutam//3// (HT[F&M]., p.84) 410 (HT[F&M]., p.85) 411 pañcaskandhasvabhāvena
adhyātmapuṭe tāvat sthitā vai pañcayoginya�/
bhāvayed sadā//11/
yogavit sadā //11/
indre vajra yame gaurī vāruṇyām vāriyogini/
kauveryām vajraḍākī ca madhye nairätmyayoginī//12/ bāhyapuṭe punar gaurī caurī
vetālī ca ghasmarī pukkasī tathā/ śavarī caṇḍālī caiva aṣtami dombinī matā//13/
adhovaty ūrdhvavaty eva khecarī bhūcarī smṛtā/ bhavajnirvāṇasvabhāvena sthitāv
etau dvidevate//14/ (HT[F&M]., p.89)
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