Vinaya Pitaka (1): Bhikkhu-vibhanga (the analysis of Monks鈥� rules)
by I. B. Horner | 2014 | 345,334 words | ISBN-13: 9781921842160
The English translation of the Bhikkhu-vibhanga: the first part of the Suttavibhanga, which itself is the first book of the Pali Vinaya Pitaka, one of the three major 鈥榖askets鈥� of Therevada canonical literature. It is a collection of rules for Buddhist monks. The English translation of the Vinaya-pitaka (first part, bhikkhu-vibhanga) contains many...
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Monks鈥� Expiation (P膩cittiya) 73
Bu-Pc.73.1.1 BD.3.43 鈥� at 厂腻惫补迟迟丑墨 in the Jeta Grove in 础苍腻迟丑补辫颈峁囜笉颈办补鈥檚 monastery. Now at that time the group of six monks, thinking: 鈥淟et them understand[1] that having indulged in bad habits, we are fallen through ignorance,鈥�[2] while the 笔腻迟颈尘辞办办丑补 was being recited, spoke thus: 鈥淥nly now[3] do we understand that this rule[4] is, as is said, handed down in a clause,[5] contained in a clause, (and) comes up for recitation every half-month.鈥�
Those who were modest monks 鈥� spread it about, saying: 鈥淗ow can this group of six monks speak thus while the 笔腻迟颈尘辞办办丑补 is being recited 鈥� 鈥樷�� every half-month鈥�?鈥� 鈥�
鈥淚s it true, as is said, monks, that you spoke thus while the 笔腻迟颈尘辞办办丑补 was being recited 鈥︹�� 鈥� every half-month鈥�?鈥�
鈥淚t is true, lord.鈥�
The enlightened one, the lord, rebuked them, saying:
鈥淗ow can you, foolish men, speak thus while the 笔腻迟颈尘辞办办丑补 is being recited: 鈥樷�� every half-month鈥�? It is not, foolish men, for pleasing those who are not (yet) pleased 鈥� And thus, monks, this rule of training should be set forth:
BD.3.44 鈥�Whatever monk, while the 笔腻迟颈尘辞办办丑补 is being recited every half-month, should speak thus: 鈥極nly now do I understand that this rule is, as is said, handed down in a clause, contained in a clause, (and) comes up for recitation every half-month鈥�; if other monks should know concerning this monk that this monk has sat down two or three times before,[6] not to say oftener,[7] while the 笔腻迟颈尘辞办办丑补 was being recited, there is not only no freedom[8] for that monk on account of (his) ignorance, but he ought to be dealt with according to the rule for the offence into which he has fallen there, and further confusion should be put on[9] him, saying: 鈥榊our reverence, this is bad for you, this is badly gotten by you, that you, while the 笔腻迟颈尘辞办办丑补 is being recited, do not attend applying yourself properly.鈥�[10] This for him on whom the confusion is put[11] is an offence of expiation.鈥� Vin.4.145
Bu-Pc.73.2.1 Whatever means: 鈥� monk is to be understood in this case.
Every half-month means: every Observance day.[12]
When the 笔腻迟颈尘辞办办丑补 is being recited means: when reciting it.[13]
Should speak thus means: if he, thinking, 鈥淟et them understand that, having indulged in bad habits, I am fallen through ignorance,鈥� speaks thus, while the BD.3.45 笔腻迟颈尘辞办办丑补 is being recited, 鈥淥nly now do I understand 鈥� every half-month,鈥� there is an offence of wrong-doing.
If 鈥� this means: the monk whom they desire to confuse.
Monks should know (concerning this monk) that he has sat down 鈥� further confusion should be put on him. And thus, monks, should it be put on him: the Order should be informed by an experienced, competent monk, saying: 鈥楬onoured sirs, let the Order listen to me. This monk so and so, while the 笔腻迟颈尘辞办办丑补 was being recited, did not attend applying himself properly. If it seems right to the Order, the Order should put confusion on the monk so and so. This is the motion. Honoured sirs, let the Order listen to me. This monk 鈥� did not attend applying himself properly. The Order is putting confusion on the monk so and so. If the putting of confusion on[14] the monk so and so is pleasing to the venerable ones, let them be silent; if it is not pleasing, you should speak. Confusion is put on the monk so and so by the Order, and it is right 鈥� So do I understand this.鈥�
If he confuses when confusion is not put on him,[15] there is an offence of wrong-doing. If he confuses when confusion is put on him,[16] there is an offence of expiation.
Bu-Pc.73.2.2 If he thinks that it is a legally valid act[17] when it is a legally valid act (and) confuses him, there is an offence of expiation. If he is in doubt as to whether it is a legally valid act 鈥� If he thinks that it is not a legally valid act when it is a legally valid act (and) BD.3.46 confuses him, there is an offence of expiation. If he thinks that it is a legally valid act when it is not a legally valid act (and) confuses him, there is an offence of wrong-doing. If he is in doubt as to whether it is not a legally valid act (and) confuses him, there is an offence of wrong-doing. If he thinks that it is not a legally valid act when it is not a legally valid act, there is an offence of wrong-doing.
Bu-Pc.73.2.3 There is no offence if he is not heard in detail; if he is heard in detail (but) less than two or three times; if he does not desire to confuse; if he is mad, if he is the first wrong-doer.
The Third
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
箩腻苍补苍迟耻, may these people understand, think that we have done this without knowledge.
[2]:
a帽帽膩峁嘺kena 膩pann膩, attained by the ignorant, by the man who does not know the rule.
[3]:
id膩n鈥� eva kho. Vinaya Texts i.50, 鈥淣ow for the first time鈥�; , J.Bu-As. Nov鈥揇ec, 1913, Bu-Pc.83, 鈥�C鈥檈st maintenant seulement que je me rends compte.鈥�
[4]:
dhamma.
[5]:
蝉耻迟迟腻驳补迟补; cf. 腻驳补迟腻驳补尘补 at, e.g. BD.3.71 below. Vinaya Texts i.50, Vinaya Texts ii.434 (= Vin.2.68, where this whole speech also occurs) translate sutt膩gato suttapariy膩panno as 鈥渋s handed down in the suttas, is contained in the suttas.鈥� But cf. Vinaya Texts i.xxviiif. and BD.1.x for Vinaya use of sutta as rule, clause or article. No rule of discipline was formally handed down in the Suttas鈥攚hich in any case ought perhaps more properly to be called Suttantas.
[6]:
[7]:
ko pana v膩do bhiyyo. I follow translation at Vinaya Texts i.50. , J. Bu-As. Nov, 鈥�et pas davantage.鈥�
[8]:
mutti, from the offence, Vin-a.877.
[9]:
moho 膩ropetabbo. It has to be established that he committed the offence in confusion, in ignorance.
[10]:
n膩 s膩dhuka峁� a峁弓hikatv膩 manasikarosi. Vinaya Texts i.51, 鈥淵ou fail to take it to your heart, and attend to it with care.鈥�
[11]:
ida峁� tasmi峁� mohanake 辫腻肠颈迟迟颈测补n ti. The act of confusing, of establishing the fact that a monk had spoken or acted in ignorance, is mohanaka. It also means cheating, deceiving, pretending.
[14]:
mohassa 膩ropan膩.
[15]:
This I think can only mean that if he is convicted of being confused not by the Order but by an individual, there is a 诲耻办办补峁璦 for that individual. But if he is convicted of being confused by the Order and then some individual tries to confuse him, there is 辫腻肠颈迟迟颈测补 for that individual.
[16]:
This I think can only mean that if he is convicted of being confused not by the Order but by an individual, there is a 诲耻办办补峁璦 for that individual. But if he is convicted of being confused by the Order and then some individual tries to confuse him, there is 辫腻肠颈迟迟颈测补 for that individual.
[17]:
Vin-a.877 鈥渁mongst these, the (formal) act of 鈥榩utting confusion on (a monk)鈥� is meant.鈥�