In vitro activity of Phyllanthus amarus extract on Mycobacterium strains
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: In vitro evaluation of the activity of aqueous extract of a plant coded phyllam (phyllanthus amarus) on two strains of mycobacterum tuberculosis and one strain of mycobacterum ulcerans
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Full text available for: In vitro evaluation of the activity of aqueous extract of a plant coded phyllam (phyllanthus amarus) on two strains of mycobacterum tuberculosis and one strain of mycobacterum ulcerans
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Buruli ulcer and tuberculosis, both caused by mycobacteria, pose significant public health challenges in C么te d'Ivoire. The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and the endemic nature of Buruli ulcer in West and Central Africa necessitate new treatment approaches. Traditional medicine, including the use of plants, is a critical resource for many in low-income tropical countries. This study evaluates the in vitro activity of an aqueous extract from the plant Phyllanthus amarus, coded as PHYLLAM, against two strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and one strain of Mycobacterium ulcerans.
Effectiveness of PHYLLAM Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
The study found that the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus exhibited significant activity against two strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv and RF94). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were 64 mg/ml for H37Rv and 16 mg/ml for RF94, indicating that RF94 was more susceptible to PHYLLAM. The bactericidal action was evident as the survival rate of bacteria decreased with increasing concentrations of the plant extract.
PHYLLAM鈥檚 Impact on Mycobacterium Ulcerans
PHYLLAM also demonstrated inhibitory effects on Mycobacterium ulcerans. The MIC for the 02003 strain was found to be 64 mg/ml, indicating its susceptibility to the aqueous extract. However, the strain of Mycobacterium ulcerans was less sensitive to PHYLLAM compared to the tested strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Potential for Enhanced Antimycobacterial Activity
The study emphasizes that the activity of plant extracts can depend on several factors, including the part of the plant used and the extraction method. In this study, the entire Phyllanthus amarus plant (leaves, stems, and roots) was used, and the extraction method focused on concentrating the active molecules. Previous studies suggest that fractionation and purification of plant extracts could further enhance their antimicrobial properties, hinting that PHYLLAM鈥檚 activity might be improved through such techniques.
Conclusion
The aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus showed promising bactericidal activity against both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium ulcerans in vitro. Notably, the extract was more effective against the RF94 strain of M. tuberculosis than the H37Rv strain and the 02003 strain of M. ulcerans. These findings suggest that PHYLLAM could play a crucial role in developing new treatments for Buruli ulcer and tuberculosis. Future research should expand the range of extracts tested both in vitro and in vivo to further evaluate and possibly enhance the therapeutic potential of Phyllanthus amarus.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What plant is coded as PHYLLAM?
The plant coded as PHYLLAM is Phyllanthus amarus.
Which bacteria strains were tested in this study?
Two strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv and RF94) and one strain of Mycobacterium ulcerans (02003) were tested.
What were the tested MIC values for the RF94 strain?
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the RF94 strain was 16 mg/ml.
In what country was this research conducted?
The research was conducted in C么te d'Ivoire.
What method was used for preparing the PHYLLAM extract?
PHYLLAM leaves were dried, ground into powder, homogenized in distilled water, filtered, evaporated, and lyophilized to obtain the total extract.
What are the primary diseases targeted by Phyllanthus amarus in this research?
The primary diseases targeted are tuberculosis and Buruli ulcer, both caused by mycobacteria.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淚n vitro activity of Phyllanthus amarus extract on Mycobacterium strains鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Water:
Keyword: Water. In the context of this study on evaluating the antibacterial activity of Phyllanthus amarus, water is crucial as it is used to prepare the aqueous extract of the plant. The leaves are mixed with water and homogenized to extract potential bioactive compounds that may have medicinal properties against mycobacteria strains.
2) Activity:
Keyword: Activity. This term refers to the biological effect of the Phyllanthus amarus aqueous extract on the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium ulcerans. Activity is measured in terms of inhibition and bactericidal effects, providing insights into the extract's potential medicinal applications.
3) Ulcer:
Keyword: Ulcer. The study specifically includes Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of Buruli ulcer. This term highlights the medical relevance of the research, which aims to find alternative treatments for this debilitating condition prevalent in tropical regions.
4) Medicine:
Keyword: Medicine. The context here is the traditional use of Phyllanthus amarus in African medicine for treating various ailments. The study seeks to scientifically validate these traditional claims by evaluating the plant's antibacterial activity against mycobacterial strains.
5) Purification:
Keyword: Purification. The discussion section of the study suggests that purification or fractionation of the aqueous extract could enhance its antibacterial activity. This involves isolating and concentrating the bioactive compounds from the crude extract to improve efficacy.
6) Discussion:
Keyword: Discussion. This section interprets the study's findings, comparing the sensitivity of different bacterial strains to the Phyllanthus amarus extract. It provides context for the observed results and outlines the relevance and potential future applications of the research.
7) Substance:
Keyword: Substance. In the study, the term likely refers to the biologically active compounds extracted from Phyllanthus amarus. These substances are evaluated for their antibacterial properties against mycobacteria, aiming to identify potential new treatments for tuberculosis and Buruli ulcer.
8) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Keyword: Transform. This refers to the process of converting plant leaves into a fine powder, a critical step in preparing the aqueous extract. The transformation involves drying and grinding the leaves, which is essential for subsequent extraction and testing.
9) Science (Scientific):
Keyword: Science. The research embodies scientific inquiry into the antibacterial properties of plant extracts. It applies rigorous methods to test traditional medicine claims, contributing to evidence-based understanding and potentially new treatment options.
10) Ghana (Ghan膩, Gh膩峁嘺, Gh膩na):
Keyword: Ghana. Mentioned in the introduction, Ghana is one of the major endemic countries for Buruli ulcer. This highlights the regional relevance of the study, as the findings could significantly impact public health efforts in Ghana and similar regions.
11) Drug:
Keyword: Drug. The study addresses the issue of drug resistance in tuberculosis, a significant challenge in public health. By exploring alternative treatments from traditional medicine, the research aims to contribute to the development of new, effective antimicrobial drugs.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: 鈥�In vitro activity of Phyllanthus amarus extract on Mycobacterium strains鈥�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Traditional medicine, Statistical analysis, Plant material, Public Health Problem, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Aqueous extract, Drug resistance, Aqueous extract concentrations, Dilution method, Bactericidal activity, Active molecule, Scientific data, Bactericidal action, In vitro evaluation, Phyllanthus amarus, M. tuberculosis, Cumulative number, Chromatographic Technique, Epidemiological Aspect, Colony counting, In vitro growth.