COVID-19 outcomes in patients using modern vs. traditional Siddha care.
Journal name: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
Original article title: Clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients managed with modern and traditional Siddha medicine � A retrospective cohort study
The Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine (JAIM) is an open-access publication promoting collaboration between Ayurveda, traditional medicine, and biomedicine, publishing research on integrative health sciences
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Original source:
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Ramaswamy Meenakumari, Karuppiah Thangaraj, Arunachalam Sundaram, Malayappan Meenakshi Sundaram, Ponnappan Shanmugapriya, Andi Mariappan, Melvin George, Venkatesan Suba, Elumalai Rajalakshmi, Muthappan Sendhilkumar
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine:
(A monthly peer-reviewed publication)
Full text available for: Clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients managed with modern and traditional Siddha medicine � A retrospective cohort study
Year: 2022 | Doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.06.010
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
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Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “COVID-19 outcomes in patients using modern vs. traditional Siddha care.�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Table:
A table in a research paper presents organized data systematically, allowing readers to quickly comprehend and compare results. Tables are essential for summarizing findings, making complex data more accessible, and offering visual clarity to statistical outcomes, especially in scientific studies focusing on health interventions like COVID-19.
2) Tamil:
Tamil refers to a Dravidian language predominantly spoken in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and some parts of Sri Lanka. The Tamil culture is deeply rooted in its history, literature, and traditional practices, including Ayurveda and Siddha medicine, which influence healthcare practices within the region.
3) Study (Studying):
A study represents a systematic investigation aimed at contributing to knowledge in a particular field. In medical research, studies evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatments, such as integrated therapies for diseases like COVID-19, and provide essential data for future healthcare practices and clinical guidelines.
4) Siddha:
Siddha is a traditional system of medicine originating in Southern India, based on ancient texts. It emphasizes the holistic approach to health, utilizing herbal remedies and therapies to balance bodily energies. Siddha techniques, particularly those using formulations like Kabasura Kudineer, have gained attention for treating diseases like COVID-19.
5) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing illness and injury. In the context of the described research, it refers to the combined use of conventional treatments and traditional remedies like Siddha, highlighting the importance of integrated approaches to healthcare amidst contemporary health crises.
6) Nadu:
Nadu means 'land' or 'country' in Tamil and signifies regions within Tamil Nadu, the Indian state. The significance of Nadu within health research stems from its cultural and medicinal heritage, influencing traditional medical practices, including Siddha and Ayurveda, and impacting health policy decisions in response to diseases.
7) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamil Nadu is a state in southern India known for its rich cultural heritage and traditions, including medicinal practices. This region is significant in research for its unique contributions to alternative medicine, particularly through the Siddha system. Studies conducted in Tamil Nadu often focus on local health issues.
8) Chennai:
Chennai, the capital city of Tamil Nadu, serves as a major hub for healthcare, education, and research. It is home to various medical institutions and initiatives, like the SRM Medical College Hospital, where innovative studies on Siddha medicine and its applications in modern health practices are conducted.
9) Disease:
Disease refers to any condition that impairs normal functioning of an organism, often leading to specific symptoms and signs. Understanding diseases, including COVID-19, is vital for developing effective treatment strategies and integrating traditional therapies like Kabasura Kudineer within conventional medical frameworks for enhanced patient care.
10) Ayus (Ayush):
AYUSH is an acronym for Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy—a holistic approach to health and wellness encompassing various traditional Indian medicinal systems. AYUSH aims to integrate these practices into mainstream healthcare, promoting preventive healthcare options to manage illnesses like COVID-19 effectively.
11) Drug:
Drug refers to any substance used for medical purposes to diagnose, cure, mitigate, or prevent disease. In the context of this research, it includes both conventional pharmaceuticals and traditional herbal formulations like Kabasura Kudineer, demonstrating a comprehensive approach to treatment plans for patients with COVID-19.
12) Indian:
Indian relates to anything originating from India, a country known for its diverse cultural, medical, and historical contributions to the world. The traditional systems of medicine practiced in India, such as Ayurveda and Siddha, are integral in addressing contemporary health issues, including viral diseases like COVID-19.
13) India:
India is a South Asian country with a rich tapestry of history, culture, and practices, including various systems of medicine. The response to health challenges such as COVID-19 often incorporates traditional methods represented by AYUSH, signaling the nation's commitment to blending ancient wisdom with modern science.
14) Blood:
Blood is crucial for maintaining health, transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. In clinical settings, blood parameters are monitored to assess infections and overall health. Factors such as lymphocyte counts are particularly relevant in COVID-19 treatment studies, marking immune response to therapies.
15) Viru:
In the context of medical research, 'viru' likely refers to 'virus,' specifically concerning viral infections like COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. Understanding viral mechanisms and interactions with the immune system is critical for developing effective treatments using both traditional and modern medical approaches.
16) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological pertains to the study of how drugs interact with biological systems. This field is essential in evaluating the effectiveness of medicinal treatments, including drug actions of Siddha formulations against infections like COVID-19, providing insights into their therapeutic potential and efficacy.
17) Activity:
In pharmacological research, 'activity' refers to the effects and influences of a drug or treatment on biological systems. Understanding the activity of traditional formulations like Kabasura Kudineer is crucial for establishing their roles in treating diseases and integrating them into health systems.
18) Rules:
Rules in research or clinical contexts are guidelines established for conducting studies ethically and effectively. In medical research related to COVID-19, rules guide treatment protocols, research methodologies, and ethical considerations, ensuring patient safety and integrity of the data collected.
19) Phytochemical:
Phytochemical refers to the chemical compounds produced by plants, many of which have biological significance. Studying phytochemicals in traditional herbal medicines, such as Siddha formulations, provides insight into their therapeutic actions and potential efficacy in treating conditions like COVID-19 by modulating immune responses.
20) Observation:
Observation in research refers to the systematic recording of phenomena or responses under study. In clinical trials related to COVID-19 treatments, careful observation helps identify treatment effects, patient outcomes, and differences in responses among populations taking integrative treatments like Kabasura Kudineer.
21) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotics are medications used to treat bacterial infections by inhibiting the growth of bacteria. While not effective against viruses like SARS-CoV-2, understanding their usage within integrated treatment frameworks, such as for patients with comorbidities during COVID-19, helps optimize overall therapeutic strategies.
22) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that emphasizes balance among body systems using herbal medicine, diet, and lifestyle changes. Its principles guide the development of treatment protocols like those encouraged by AYUSH, promoting integrated healthcare, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
23) Meeting:
In the context of research and healthcare, a meeting refers to gatherings of professionals to discuss findings, establish protocols, or evaluate patient care strategies. These meetings can facilitate collaborations necessary for integrated healthcare approaches like combining Siddha treatments with modern medical practices.
24) Family:
In healthcare, family often refers to the support systems surrounding patients, influencing their recovery and treatment adherence. Family involvement can be crucial during illness, particularly in traditional settings where familial roles in health and well-being impact treatment processes for diseases like COVID-19.
25) Fever:
Fever is a symptom characterized by an increase in body temperature, often indicating an infection or inflammation. In studies on COVID-19, monitoring fever is essential for diagnosis, progression evaluation, and therapeutic response, particularly when employing integrative treatments like Kabasura Kudineer.
26) Male:
Male refers to one of the two primary biological sexes in humans. Understanding demographic factors like gender is essential in health research, especially in observing how males may react differently to treatments or experience varying symptoms of diseases like COVID-19 compared to females.
27) Tinospora cordifolia:
Tinospora cordifolia is a medicinal plant widely used in Ayurvedic and Siddha systems for its immune-boosting, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Its inclusion in treatments like Kabasura Kudineer highlights the importance of herbal remedies in addressing modern health challenges such as COVID-19.
28) Terminalia chebula:
Terminalia chebula, also known as Haritaki, is a significant herb in traditional medicine for its laxative, anti-inflammatory, and detoxifying properties. In the context of integrated therapies for COVID-19, it is valued for enhancing gastrointestinal health and overall well-being among patients.
29) Pharmacology:
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of drug action and their effects on living systems. It plays a critical role in understanding how both traditional and contemporary treatments, including those for COVID-19, influence biological processes and patient outcomes.
30) Kanakavalli:
Kanakavalli likely refers to a figure associated with traditional medicine or research prominent in the Indian context, particularly within studies exploring plants and formulations relevant to Siddha medicine. It signifies the interplay between historical knowledge and contemporary medical applications.
31) Yukimunivar (Yugi-munivar, Yugimunivar, Yuki-munivar):
Yugimunivar pertains to texts or traditions within Siddha medicine, detailing medicinal practices or treatments. Such historical accounts provide context for current research in traditional healing, emphasizing the continuity and relevance of these approaches in addressing modern healthcare needs.
32) Quality:
Quality refers to the standard of something, emphasizing its effectiveness and safety in medical contexts. In research focusing on herbal formulations for COVID-19 treatment, ensuring the quality of ingredients like Kabasura Kudineer guarantees patient safety and therapeutic efficacy.
33) Mishra (Misra):
Mishra is a common surname in India and may refer to a scholar or researcher contributing to the medical field. In the context of healthcare studies, individuals like Mishra may provide valuable insights or research findings on the efficacy of treatments for diseases like COVID-19.
34) Palani (Pazhani):
Palani may refer to a significant region or town in Tamil Nadu, known for its rich cultural heritage. In health and medical studies, localized knowledge and traditional practices from areas like Palani can inform broader research efforts and treatment approaches within Siddha medicine.
35) Costus:
Costus refers to a genus of flowering plants known for their medicinal properties. In traditional medicine, specific species may possess phytonutrient profiles beneficial for managing conditions or enhancing overall health, making them relevant in integrated treatment discussions for diseases like COVID-19.
36) Cina:
China is a pivotal country in the ongoing global health landscape, particularly regarding the outbreak of COVID-19. Research from Chinese studies informs global responses to viral diseases and highlights the importance of understanding treatment durations and patient outcomes in different healthcare systems.
37) Devi:
Devi is a common name in India, often signifying a figure of reverence or a contributor to various fields. In academic health research, individuals named Devi may be in positions to aid in documenting traditional medical practices and their efficacies in fighting diseases like COVID-19.
38) Sood:
Sood is a surname that may relate to scholars or practitioners in the medical field. Notable individuals with this name may be involved in research focusing on integrative medicine, contributing findings and practices essential for managing current health concerns like COVID-19.
39) Sign:
Sign indicates a symptom or indication of disease affecting health. In the context of COVID-19 research, identifying and documenting signs aids in assessing the presence and severity of the virus, informing treatment pathways and patient management strategies.
40) Wall:
Wall can refer to barriers, both physical and metaphorical, in medicine. In healthcare discussions, walls may represent the limitations of current treatments or the need for bridging traditional and modern medical practices to create more effective health solutions for conditions like COVID-19.
41) Zingiber officinale:
Zingiber officinale, commonly known as ginger, is valued in both Ayurvedic and Siddha medicine for its anti-inflammatory and digestive benefits. With applications for respiratory conditions, it holds relevance in studies considering herbal treatments for viral infections, including COVID-19.
42) Cyperus rotundus:
Cyperus rotundus, known as nut grass, is recognized for its medicinal properties in various traditional systems. Research into its benefits and incorporation into Siddha formulations like Kabasura Kudineer highlights its potential in enhancing health outcomes during treatment for diseases like COVID-19.
43) Bronchial asthma:
Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and constriction. Understanding conditions like asthma is essential in managing patients during viral infections, including COVID-19, as comorbidities can influence treatment responses and overall care strategies.
44) Piper longum:
Piper longum, commonly known as long pepper, is an important herb in Ayurvedic and Siddha medicine with potential health benefits. It is believed to support respiratory health and boost immunity, making it a valuable component of formulations aimed at treating viral infections like COVID-19.
45) Peer review:
Peer review is a crucial process in academic publishing, ensuring that research is evaluated for accuracy, quality, and relevance before publication. In medical research, rigorous peer review contributes to the credibility of findings, particularly regarding treatment strategies and health outcomes during pandemics.
46) Tuberculosis:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection affecting the lungs and can be particularly serious in patients with weakened immune systems. Understanding its dynamics is important when researching integrative therapies for viral infections, as TB can significantly influence health outcomes and treatment protocols.
47) Arunachalam:
Arunachalam likely refers to a figure within the healthcare community or research contributing to studies related to traditional medicines. Such individuals play a significant role in exploring the potential of herbal treatments in managing diseases like COVID-19, bridging ancient practices with modern medical science.
48) Surrounding:
Surrounding refers to the community or environment within which patients receive care. Factors within this context, such as support systems and access to traditional medicine, play a crucial role in treatment outcomes, particularly in integrated approaches to healthcare during health crises like COVID-19.
49) Discussion:
In research papers, the discussion section analyzes findings and contextualizes them within existing literature. It highlights the implications of results, such as the effects of integrated therapy for COVID-19 and informs future strategies for enhancing treatment outcomes and patient management in various settings.
50) Ramaswamy (Ramaswami):
Ramaswamy is a common Indian name that could represent a researcher or key figure in clinical studies related to traditional medicine. Individuals with this name may have significant contributions to developing integrative therapies for COVID-19 and furthering research in Siddha practices.
51) Meenakshi:
Meenakshi is a popular name in India, often associated with figures in the medical or educational fields. Notable contributions by individuals named Meenakshi in healthcare research can impact the understanding and integration of traditional medicines in tackling modern diseases like COVID-19.
52) Education:
Education relates to the learning and dissemination of knowledge about health practices. In the context of traditional medicine, education plays a crucial role in training practitioners and informing communities about the benefits and applications of herbal treatments for diseases such as COVID-19.
53) Company:
Company may refer to organizations involved in the healthcare or pharmaceutical sectors. In research contexts, companies related to herbal medicines often collaborate on studies to evaluate efficacy and safety, particularly for traditional treatments used during health emergencies like COVID-19.
54) Nature:
Nature encompasses the physical world, including plants and ecosystems. In medical research, understanding the natural properties of herbs and plants is essential for studying their medicinal applications, particularly in developing treatments for viral diseases like COVID-19.
55) Powder:
Powder in a medical context often refers to the processed form of herbs used in traditional medicine formulations. The preparation of herbal powders is crucial for ensuring proper dosages and effective treatment applications, especially in formulations like Kabasura Kudineer for managing viral infections.
56) Cukku:
Chukku, or dry ginger, is used in traditional Indian medicine for its warming properties and digestive benefits. As an ingredient in formulations like Kabasura Kudineer, Chukku helps enhance the effectiveness of treatments aimed at relieving symptoms of COVID-19 and supporting overall health.
57) Gupta:
Gupta is a common Indian surname, potentially referring to researchers or healthcare practitioners contributing to studies on traditional medicine. Noteworthy individuals with this surname may focus on exploring integrated approaches, blending Siddha medicines with contemporary treatments to enhance health outcomes during the pandemic.
58) Kumar:
Kumar is a prevalent Indian name, often associated with various individuals in the medical field. Researchers or practitioners named Kumar may play essential roles in documenting traditional practices, researching their integration into modern treatments, and exploring their efficacy in managing conditions like COVID-19.
59) Water:
Water is essential for life and has significant implications in health and medicine. In the context of treatments, hydration is crucial for recovery, especially during illnesses like COVID-19, where maintaining optimal fluid levels can support immune functions and overall well-being.
60) Death:
Death is the ultimate outcome of severe diseases and a critical concern in healthcare. Understanding mortality rates and associated factors in conditions like COVID-19 informs healthcare policies and practices, guiding more effective treatments and preventive strategies to mitigate health risks.
61) Vali:
Vali refers to one of the three humors in Siddha medicine, essential for diagnosing and treating ailments. The balance of Vali (along with Iyam and Azhal) is fundamental in understanding health conditions and formulating treatments in traditional practices aimed at restoring well-being.
62) Yoga:
Yoga is an ancient practice combining physical postures, breath control, and meditation aimed at enhancing physical and mental well-being. Its integration into health practices aligns with the holistic approaches of systems like AYUSH, providing supportive therapies for patients dealing with conditions like COVID-19.
63) Food:
Food refers to the nutritional substances consumed for health, playing a critical role in maintaining well-being and supporting recovery. In traditional medicine, dietary guidelines often complement herbal treatments, influencing overall patient health and treatment outcomes in diseases like COVID-19.
64) Hand:
Hand may symbolize care and clinical practices in healthcare settings. The human touch in patient care, particularly in traditional medicine, emphasizes the importance of compassion and thoroughness in treatment, especially during challenging health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
65) Post:
Post refers to updates or publications made regarding ongoing research or healthcare initiatives. In the medical community, posting results and findings on studies related to COVID-19 treatments is crucial for disseminating knowledge and improving clinical practices across various healthcare settings.
66) Pir:
Peer relates to colleagues within the same field, particularly in research and academia. Collaboration among peers in medical research can enhance study quality and validity, especially in exploring integrative therapies for diseases and sharing knowledge regarding effective treatments.
67) Pur:
Poor refers to individuals with limited resources or access to healthcare. Addressing health disparities, especially in the context of COVID-19, is vital for ensuring that vulnerable populations receive equitable treatment options, including access to both conventional and traditional medicine.
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