Management of drug abuse patient through ayurveda
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: Management of drug abuse patient through ayurveda
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Awadh Kishor Mishra*
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Agad Tantra, Gangasheel Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly
Anita Sharma
HOD and Professor, PG Dept. of Agad Tantra NIA, Jaipur
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Management of drug abuse patient through ayurveda
Year: 2019
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Drug abuse is a significant public health issue characterized by harmful patterns of substance use that can lead to severe mental, physical, and social ramifications. It encompasses the misuse of various substances, including alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs. The increasing prevalence of drug abuse has severe implications, contributing to issues such as crime, homelessness, family breakdown, and adverse health effects, including maternal and child health problems. To address this crisis, a comprehensive understanding of drug abuse patterns, risk factors, and effective management strategies is necessary, particularly from an Ayurvedic perspective, which offers a holistic approach to treatment and rehabilitation.
Detoxification and Ayurvedic Approach
A central theme of Ayurvedic management in drug abuse is detoxification, which involves gradually reducing the dosage of the abused substance rather than an abrupt cessation. This method, termed Padanshikkram, allows for a systematic withdrawal process to mitigate withdrawal symptoms effectively. Various Ayurvedic treatments, including detoxifying agents and herbal formulations, are recommended to alleviate specific symptoms such as anxiety, insomnia, and memory impairment. For instance, Brahmi vati and Ashwagandharishta are suggested for anxiety and aggressiveness, while Sarpagandha vati is used for insomnia. This tailored approach aims to improve the overall health of the individual and ease the transition away from substance dependence.
Rehabilitation Programs
Effective rehabilitation programs are crucial for individuals struggling with long-term substance abuse. These programs encompass both medical attention and psychological counseling, addressing the complex nature of addiction. They may involve inpatient or outpatient care, providing round-the-clock support or structured daytime treatment. The emphasis on psychological counseling is vital as it helps patients develop healthy coping mechanisms and alters their perception of drug use. Additionally, integrating Ayurvedic practices such as yoga, meditation, and lifestyle modifications can enhance recovery by promoting mental clarity, emotional stability, and an overall sense of well-being.
Conclusion
The management of drug abuse is a multifaceted challenge that requires both medical intervention and psychological support. Ayurveda provides a unique framework through principles like detoxification and gradual withdrawal methods, such as Padanshikkram, making it effective in managing withdrawal symptoms and promoting long-term recovery. The integration of behavioral therapy and holistic practices like yoga and meditation further aids rehabilitation. Ultimately, addressing drug abuse necessitates a comprehensive approach that considers the individual's physical and mental health, familial support systems, and social circumstances to foster sustainable recovery and personal growth.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is drug abuse and its impact on individuals?
Drug abuse is the harmful pattern of using substances like alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs. It can lead to significant personal, social, and health-related problems, including violence, homelessness, crime, and long-term personality changes.
What are the common patterns of drug abuse disorders?
Drug abuse disorders typically exhibit four patterns: acute intoxication, drug dependence, withdrawal state, and harmful use, each characterized by different symptoms and levels of substance interaction.
How does Ayurveda approach the treatment of drug abuse?
Ayurvedic treatment for drug abuse focuses on detoxification, behavioral change through methods like Nidana parivarjana, and the use of herbal remedies to manage withdrawal symptoms, promoting overall physical and mental rehabilitation.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Management of drug abuse patient through ayurveda�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
A drug is a substance that is used to alter mental or physical functions. Drug abuse refers to the patterned use of a drug where the user consumes it in harmful amounts or methods, leading to various social and personal issues.
2) Substance:
A substance in the context of this article refers to any chemical ingested by individuals that can cause harm, such as alcohol, tobacco, and drugs like cannabis and opioids. Substance abuse disrupts both mental and physical health, often necessitating medical intervention and social rehabilitation.
3) Vati:
Vati is a term used in Ayurveda for pills or tablets. Examples mentioned in the text include Brahmi Vati for anxiety and impaired memory and Sarpagandha Vati for insomnia. These Ayurvedic formulations are used to mitigate withdrawal symptoms and support recovery in drug abuse patients.
4) Meditation:
Meditation is a practice mentioned as part of the rehabilitation process for drug abuse patients. It helps in calming the mind, reducing stress, and improving overall mental well-being. Meditation is often combined with Yoga in Ayurvedic practices to enhance recovery from substance abuse.
5) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is a traditional system of medicine from India that employs various natural remedies and lifestyle practices to promote health. In managing drug abuse, Ayurveda uses methods like Nidana Parivarjan, detoxification, and practices such as Shirodhara and Sirolepa, among others.
6) Mishra (Misra):
Mishra refers to Dr. Awadh Kishor Mishra, one of the authors of the article, an Assistant Professor at the Gangasheel Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital. He co-authored the research on managing drug abuse through Ayurvedic principles and practices.
7) Family:
Family is significantly affected by drug abuse, which can disrupt family relations, lead to violence, and result in economic and emotional burdens on the household. Family support is crucial for the rehabilitation of drug abuse patients.
8) Yoga:
Yoga is an essential non-drug approach mentioned in the management of drug abuse. It helps in improving mental and physical health, reducing stress, and enhancing the overall rehabilitation process. Yoga postures like Padmasana and Savasana are specifically recommended.
9) Human body:
The human body suffers extensively from drug toxicity, affecting organs like the CNS, liver, lungs, and more. Ayurvedic treatments aim to detoxify and rejuvenate the affected systems, using herbs and practices to mitigate the harmful impacts of drug abuse.
10) Shirodhara (Sirodhara, Shiras-dhara):
Shirodhara is a therapeutic practice in Ayurveda that involves the steady pouring of medicated liquids on the forehead. It is used to treat mental health conditions such as anxiety, insomnia, and depression, which are common in drug abuse patients.
11) Cannabis:
Cannabis is one of the substances commonly abused, alongside alcohol, tobacco, and others. Its misuse can lead to various social and health issues. Ayurvedic treatments focus on detoxifying the body and mind to manage withdrawal symptoms from cannabis.
12) Tantra (Tamtra, Tantrism):
Tantra refers to the branch of Ayurveda called Agad Tantra, which deals with toxicology and the management of poisons. This field is crucial in the treatment of drug abuse, focusing on detoxification and elimination of harmful substances from the body.
13) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
Sharma refers to Dr. Anita Sharma, the co-author of the article and Head of the PG Dept. of Agad Tantra at the National Institute of Ayurveda in Jaipur, India. She contributed to the research on Ayurvedic management of drug abuse.
14) Depression:
Depression is a common mental health issue resulting from or associated with drug abuse. Ayurvedic treatments for depression in the context of substance abuse may include herbal formulations, detoxification processes, and therapies like Shirodhara.
15) Toxicity:
Toxicity from drug abuse can severely impact multiple organs, including the CNS, liver, and kidneys. Ayurvedic detoxification protocols aim to cleanse the body of these toxins using a combination of therapies and herbal remedies.
16) Medicine:
Medicine in the context of drug abuse management can refer to pharmaceutical treatments as well as Ayurvedic medications like Brahmi Vati or Ashwagandharishta, which are used to alleviate withdrawal symptoms and support recovery.
17) Epidemic:
Epidemic, regarding drug abuse, highlights the widespread and escalating issue of substance abuse affecting global health. The article discusses Ayurvedic strategies to combat this epidemic, focusing on detoxification, rehabilitation, and holistic health practices.
18) Disease:
Disease can result from drug abuse through both immediate toxic effects and longer-term consequences like chronic illnesses. Ayurvedic approaches aim to treat the root cause and symptoms of such diseases through detoxification, dietary changes, and herbal treatments.
19) Brahmi:
Brahmi, mentioned in the context of 'Brahmi Vati', is an Ayurvedic herb known for its cognitive-enhancing properties. Used in managing symptoms like anxiety and impaired memory in drug abuse patients, it helps improve mental clarity and support overall recovery.
20) India:
India is the origin country of Ayurveda, the traditional medical system discussed in managing drug abuse. The techniques and herbal formulations draw from ancient Indian texts and practices to address modern substance abuse issues.
21) Money:
Money often becomes a significant issue in families dealing with drug abuse, as addicted individuals may steal or mismanage funds to procure substances. Effective management strategies must address the economic hardship resulting from substance abuse.
22) Blood:
Blood can be affected by drug toxicity, leading to various health issues. Ayurveda recommends detoxification procedures to purify the blood and support the body's recovery from the harmful effects of drugs.
23) Jyotishmatitaila (Jyotishmati-taila, Jyotismatitaila):
Jyotishmati-taila is an Ayurvedic formulation used for its neurological benefits. It is recommended to manage symptoms of anxiety and impaired memory in patients undergoing treatment for drug abuse.
24) Jyotishmati (Jyotismati, Jyotirmati):
Jyotishmati is an herb used in Ayurvedic medicine, particularly in formulations like Jyotishmati Taila, to support mental health. It helps manage withdrawal symptoms like anxiety and memory impairment in drug abuse patients.
25) Ashvagandha (Asvagandha, Ashwagandha, Ashvagamdha, Ashva-gandha):
Ashwagandha is a renowned herb in Ayurveda known for its adaptogenic qualities. It is used to reduce stress, anxiety, and improve overall mental health, making it valuable in treating drug withdrawal symptoms and enhancing physical resilience.
26) Siddhasana (Siddha-asana):
Siddhasana is a Yoga posture conducive to meditation and relaxation. In the context of drug abuse rehabilitation, it helps calm the mind and body, aiding in the overall recovery process.
27) Butter milk (Buttermilk):
Buttermilk is used in Ayurvedic procedures like Shirodhara, where it is poured onto the forehead to treat conditions such as insomnia and anxiety, symptoms often associated with drug withdrawal.
28) Perception:
Perception can be significantly altered by drug use, leading to distortions in the user’s reality. Ayurvedic treatments aim to restore normal perception and cognitive functions through detoxification and supportive therapies.
29) Discussion:
Discussion in the context of the article refers to the in-depth analysis of drug abuse problems and the effectiveness of Ayurvedic treatments in managing these conditions. It highlights various strategies and remedies to counteract substance abuse.
30) Irritation:
Irritation, both mental and physical, is a common symptom during drug withdrawal. Ayurvedic treatments like Shirodhara and herbal formulations aim to soothe irritation and support the body's adjustment to the absence of addictive substances.
31) Alcoholism:
Alcoholism is a severe form of substance abuse discussed in the article. Ayurvedic treatments for alcoholism include specific formulations and practices designed to manage withdrawal symptoms and promote long-term recovery.
32) Padmasana (Padma-asana):
Padmasana, also known as the Lotus Position, is a meditative Yoga posture recommended in the rehabilitation of drug abuse patients. It helps calm the mind, reduce tension, and support overall mental wellness.
33) Vajrasana (Vajra-asana):
Vajrasana is a Yoga posture beneficial for digestion and mental calmness. It is recommended in the rehabilitation process for drug abuse patients to enhance physical and mental stability.
34) Agnitundi (Agni-tundi):
Agnitundi Vati is an Ayurvedic formulation used to stimulate digestion. It is beneficial for drug abuse patients who experience loss of appetite as part of their withdrawal symptoms.
35) Psychosis:
Psychosis can be a severe mental health complication associated with drug abuse. Ayurvedic treatments such as Shirodhara and herbal medications aim to alleviate the symptoms of psychosis and facilitate mental stability during recovery.
36) Triphala (Tri-phala):
Triphala is an Ayurvedic herbal remedy known for its detoxifying and laxative properties. It is often used to treat constipation in drug abuse patients, thereby aiding in the detoxification process.
37) Bhaskara:
Bhaskara references Lavana Bhaskara Churna, an Ayurvedic powder used to improve digestion and appetite. This medication is beneficial in managing the loss of appetite commonly seen in drug abuse patients.
38) Shavasana (Shava-asana, Savasana):
Savasana, also known as the Corpse Pose, is a Yoga posture that promotes deep relaxation and mental calmness. It is particularly useful in the rehabilitation of drug abuse patients to reduce stress and enhance mental well-being.
39) Vomiting:
Vomiting is a common withdrawal symptom seen in drug abuse patients. Ayurvedic remedies like Eladi Churna can help alleviate nausea and vomiting, supporting the detoxification process.
40) Neurosis:
Neurosis refers to a class of mental disorders involving chronic stress and behavioral changes. Drug abuse can exacerbate such conditions, and treatments like Ayurvedic medicine aim to mitigate these symptoms effectively.
41) Pippali (Pippalin):
Pippali is an Ayurvedic herb used in formulations to treat digestive issues. For drug abuse patients, Pippali Churna mixed with jaggery is recommended to manage withdrawal symptoms like insomnia and anxiety.
42) Nostril:
Nostril administration of substances (sniffing) is one method of drug intake mentioned. It is essential to understand such practices to manage and detoxify the individual effectively.
43) Jaggery:
Jaggery is unrefined sugar used in Ayurveda to enhance the efficacy of certain herbal treatments. For instance, Pippali Churna mixed with jaggery is recommended for treating insomnia and anxiety in drug abuse patients.
44) Craving (Crave, Craved):
Craving is a powerful and persistent urge to use drugs, complicating recovery. Ayurvedic treatments address this by balancing the body's energies, using detoxification, and herbs like Ashwagandha to manage stress and reduce cravings.
45) Sagara:
Sagara refers to Smriti Sagara Ras, an Ayurvedic formulation used to improve memory and cognitive functions, which are often impaired in drug abuse patients.
46) Smriti (Smrti):
Smriti refers to memory, which is often impaired in drug abuse patients. Ayurvedic formulations like Smriti Sagara Ras aim to enhance cognitive functions and memory during the recovery process.
47) Bhasma (Bhasman):
Bhasma refers to calcined preparations in Ayurveda. For instance, Godanti Bhasma is used for treating headaches in drug abuse patients, alleviating one of the many withdrawal symptoms they experience.
48) Satmya:
Satmya in Ayurveda refers to the concept of conduciveness developed by continuous intake of a particular substance. Acharya Charak speaks about Okasatmya to explain the body's adaptation even to harmful substances, like drugs, emphasizing gradual withdrawal through Padanshik Kram.
49) Nidana:
Nidana refers to the cause or root of a disease or condition in Ayurveda. Managing drug abuse involves Nidana-Parivarjan, which means eliminating the cause of the drug abuse and related risk factors to support the recovery process.
50) Jaipur:
Jaipur is mentioned as the location of the National Institute of Ayurveda, where Dr. Anita Sharma, the co-author, is the Head of the PG Department of Agad Tantra.
51) Lavana:
Lavana references Lavana Bhaskara Churna, an Ayurvedic digestive formulation. This churna is used to manage loss of appetite in drug abuse patients, aiding their recovery by ensuring proper nutrition.
52) Nausea:
Nausea is a common withdrawal symptom experienced by drug abuse patients. Ayurvedic formulations like Eladi Churna are used to alleviate nausea, supporting the detoxification and recovery process.
53) Powder:
Powder formulations in Ayurveda, such as Hingwashtaka Churna or Triphala Churna, are used to manage digestive issues like loss of appetite and constipation in drug abuse patients.
54) Desire:
Desire can be an underlying factor in initiating and continuing drug abuse. Ayurveda addresses this through holistic treatments, aiming to curb harmful desires and promote a balanced lifestyle.
55) Madhu:
Madhu refers to honey, used in Ayurvedic formulations for its medicinal properties. For instance, Saraswata Churna with Madhu and Ghee is recommended to alleviate anxiety and improve memory in drug abuse patients.
56) Karma (Karman):
Karma in Ayurveda refers to actions or procedures like Panchkarma, which includes detoxification practices to cleanse the body of toxins from drug abuse. Treatments like Dhara Karma (continuous pouring) are used to relieve symptoms.
57) Dhara:
Dhara refers to a pouring process in Ayurvedic therapies like Shirodhara. Medicated liquids are poured continuously on the patient's forehead to address conditions such as anxiety and insomnia, commonly seen in drug abuse cases.
58) Taila (Thaila):
Taila refers to medicinal oil in Ayurveda. For instance, Jyotishmati Taila is an oil used to enhance mental clarity and reduce anxiety in drug abuse patients, aiding their treatment and recovery process.
59) Ayus (Ayush):
Ayush in this context refers to AYUSHDHARA, a journal where the article on managing drug abuse through Ayurveda was published. AYUSH also stands for Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy, representing traditional Indian medical systems.
60) Birth:
Birth is mentioned in the context of the adverse effects of drug abuse during pregnancy, such as low birth weight and fetal alcohol syndrome due to substance use.
61) Anger (Angry):
Anger is an emotion often exacerbated by substance abuse. Ayurvedic treatments aim to manage such emotional disturbances through calming practices like Yoga and herbal formulations.
62) Coca:
Coca refers to the plant whose leaves are used to produce cocaine, a potent stimulant frequently abused. Managing such addiction involves Ayurvedic detoxification methods and supportive therapies.
63) Kala:
Kala mentions Kamua Kala, a location in Bareilly where Gangasheel Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital is situated. This is where Dr. Awadh Kishor Mishra practices.
64) Shiras (Siras, Siro, Shirash):
Siro refers to the head in Ayurvedic terminology. Treatments like Sirodhara and Sirolepa focus on the head to alleviate mental health issues such as anxiety and insomnia, common in drug withdrawal.
65) Milk:
Milk is used in Ayurvedic treatments like Shirodhara, where it is poured on the forehead to help treat insomnia, anxiety, and stress, aiding the detoxification process for drug abuse patients.
66) Pir:
Peer pressure is a significant risk factor for initiating drug abuse. Effective management in Ayurveda includes not only detoxification but also counseling to resist such social influences.
67) Mud:
Mood alterations like anxiety or depression are common in drug abuse patients. Ayurvedic treatments utilize herbs like Brahmi and stress-relieving practices like Shirodhara to stabilize mood and support mental health.
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