A critical review on badara (zizyphus jujuba linn.)
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: A critical review on badara (zizyphus jujuba linn.)
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
Nisha Phogat
Lecturer, Dept. of Dravyaguna, G.B. Ayurvedic College, Rohtak, Haryana
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: A critical review on badara (zizyphus jujuba linn.)
Year: 2016
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Badara, known scientifically as Zizyphus jujuba Linn., is a well-known native fruit of India, common in both wild and cultivated forms. The plant is characterized by its dense crown and rough bark, with significant medicinal properties documented in various Ayurvedic texts. While Badara is widely recognized for its delicious fruit, which is edible and sweet, its roots, seeds, bark, leaves, and flowers are also utilized for their therapeutic benefits. Despite its rich potential, Badara has not been sufficiently integrated into mainstream therapeutics, making it a subject worthy of critical review.
Nutritional and Medicinal Profile
Badara is noted for its impressive nutritional content, including high levels of Vitamin C, sugars, and essential minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and iron. The fruit has a unique composition of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and various phytochemicals. These metabolites contribute to its diverse medicinal properties. The specific phytochemicals identified within the various plant parts include flavonoids in the fruit and leaves, polyphenols in the pulp, and triterpenes in the stem bark. The cumulative effect of these compounds supports a range of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-hyperglycemic effects, showcasing its potential therapeutic roles in managing different health conditions.
Diverse Applications and Ayurvedic Significance
In Ayurvedic practice, Badara is utilized for a variety of ailments, including headaches, fevers, and gastrointestinal disorders. Its components are specifically indicated for their antipyretic and anti-obesity effects, along with promoting overall digestive health. Traditional texts have defined its utility in treating conditions like diarrhea, leveraging the bark and leaves for their healing capabilities. Moreover, Badara has been classified based on its taste (Rasa), potency (Veerya), and post-digestive effect (Vipaka), guiding its incorporation into various Ayurvedic formulations to address specific doshic imbalances, marking it as an integral part of Ayurvedic pharmacology.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Badara represents a valuable natural resource with extensive nutritional and medicinal properties. Its easy cultivation and availability enhance its potential as an immunomodulator and as a natural remedy for a multitude of conditions, including antimicrobial and antioxidant actions. To fully utilize Badara's health benefits, further research and integration into modern therapeutic practices are warranted. Emphasizing its significance in both traditional and contemporary medicine could help bridge the gap currently observed in its mainstream therapeutic use.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the significance of Badara in Ayurveda?
Badara, or Zizyphus jujuba, is mentioned extensively in Ayurveda for its medicinal properties including use in treating headaches, fever, diarrhea, and as an antipyretic and anti-obesity remedy, known for blood purification and aiding digestion.
What are the primary medicinal components found in Badara?
Badara contains various metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and it is rich in vitamin C, sugars, and essential minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and iron, found in its fruit, leaves, bark, seeds, and roots.
Where is Badara commonly found and its cultivation?
Badara is a native fruit of India, found wild and cultivated across various regions including Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tamil Nadu, and Maharashtra, thriving in diverse climatic conditions.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A critical review on badara (zizyphus jujuba linn.)�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Badara:
Badara, also known as Ziziphus jujuba Linn., is a small subdeciduous tree with numerous medicinal properties, including antioxidants and antimicrobials. Its various parts like fruits, bark, and leaves are used in Ayurveda for treatments of diverse ailments such as fever and diarrhea.
2) Nighantu (Nighamtu):
[see source text or glossary: Nighantu]
3) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita refers to medicinal ghee preparations in Ayurveda, such as Amritprasha ghrita and Badariphaladi ghrita, which are used for treating various conditions like respiratory issues and digestive disorders.
4) Karma (Karman):
In Ayurveda, Karma refers to the therapeutic activities or actions of a substance. Badara's Karma include anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, as well as specific therapeutic roles in Vatahara, Pittahara, and Kaphahara doshas.
5) Varga:
Varga refers to classification categories in Ayurvedic texts. Badara is mentioned across various Vargas like Amradivarga and Shalmalyadivarga, indicating its classification based on attributes and therapeutic uses.
6) Kola:
Kola is one of the vernacular names of Badara in Sanskrit, highlighting its various regional terms and its identity in classical Ayurvedic literature.
7) Karkandhu (Karkamdhu):
Karkandhu is another vernacular name for Badara, reflecting its multi-regional recognition and usage across different Ayurvedic texts.
8) Madhura:
Madhura indicates sweetness, and in the context of Badara, it refers to one of its tastes (Rasa). Badara is characterized by Madhura taste, which has specific therapeutic implications in Ayurveda.
9) Udarda:
Udarda is identified as one of the conditions that Badara can treat. Ayurvedic literature notes Badara's efficacy in alleviating symptoms of Udarda, which involves allergic reactions and skin conditions.
10) Gulma:
Gulma represents abdominal tumor or lump conditions in Ayurveda. Badara, through various formulations like Chitrakadi ghrita, is used in the treatment of Gulma, showcasing its diverse medicinal applications.
11) Ushna (Usna):
Ushna refers to the heating potency (Veerya) of a substance. Badara is classified as having Ushna Veerya, which affects the body's metabolism and digestive processes according to Ayurvedic principles.
12) Nish (Nisa, Nis, Nishe, Nisha):
[see source text or glossary: Nisha]
13) Kasa (Kasha):
Kasa refers to cough, a common symptom in various respiratory conditions. Badara's therapeutic use in treating Kasa is well-documented in Ayurvedic texts, particularly through specific formulations like Rasna ghrita.
14) Gana:
Gana refers to groups or categories in Ayurveda that classify plants based on their therapeutic properties. Badara is grouped into various Ganas, indicating its multifaceted medicinal uses.
15) Snigdha:
Snigdha indicates the oily or unctuous quality (Guna). In the context of Badara, Snigdha Guna contributes to its therapeutic actions like nourishing and soothing properties.
16) Guru:
Guru signifies heaviness in Ayurvedic qualities (Guna). Badara's characterization as Guru suggests its potential to provide strength and nourishment, while also indicating its digestive load.
17) Yoga:
Yoga in Ayurveda refers to formulations or preparations. There are specific Yogas involving Badara, like Vishishta Yoga, that are used to treat conditions such as Udarda and various digestive issues.
18) Samhita:
Samhita refers to classical compilations of Ayurvedic knowledge. Badara is extensively mentioned in various Samhitas, showcasing its diversified medicinal applications and historical significance.
19) Paryaya:
Paryaya means synonyms or alternate names. Badara has several Paryayas across different Ayurvedic Nighantus, reflecting its widespread recognition and diversity in nomenclature.
20) Animal:
[see source text or glossary: Animal]
21) India:
India is the native country where Badara (Ziziphus jujuba Linn.) is both found wild and cultivated extensively. Its historical use in Ayurvedic medicine has been well-documented across various regions in India.
22) Amla:
Amla denotes a sour taste (Rasa). In the context of Badara, Amla is one of the tastes identified in different Ayurvedic texts, contributing to its therapeutic properties.
23) Guna:
Guna refers to the inherent qualities of a substance. For Badara, Gunas such as Snigdha and Guru, affect its medicinal properties and its impacts on the body's doshas.
24) Tree:
Badara is described as a small subdeciduous tree with distinctive characteristics including its dense spreading crown, rough bark, and edible fruit, underscoring its botanical and therapeutic identity.
25) Rajanighantu (Raja-nighantu, Rajan-nighantu):
Raja-nighantu is one of the classical Ayurvedic texts that list Badara and provide insights into its properties, uses, and classifications within Ayurvedic medicine.
26) Pharmacology:
The pharmacology of Badara involves its active constituents like flavonoids and saponins, which contribute to its various therapeutic effects, such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and CNS depressant activities.
27) Amradivarga (Amradi-varga):
Amradivarga is a category in Ayurvedic texts like Raja Nighantu, where Badara is classified, highlighting the group's collective medicinal properties and uses for similar types of fruits.
28) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
Dravyaguna is the Ayurvedic study of medicinal properties and actions of substances. Dr. Nisha Phogat has provided insights into the Dravyaguna aspects of Badara, emphasizing its broad spectrum of uses.
29) Vishtambha (Vistambha):
Vishtambha refers to obstruction or constipation, a condition that Badara can treat. Ayurvedic texts note Badara's efficacy in relieving such gastrointestinal disturbances.
30) Gurushna (Gurusna, Guru-ushna):
[see source text or glossary: Guru-ushna]
31) Flavonoid:
Badara contains flavonoids, which are key bioactive compounds contributing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it useful in various therapeutic applications.
32) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the traditional Indian system of medicine that extensively documents the use of Badara (Ziziphus jujuba Linn.) for its wide array of medicinal benefits, grounded in classical texts.
33) Medicine:
Badara is utilized in Ayurvedic medicine for treatments ranging from gastrointestinal issues to respiratory ailments, underscoring its diverse medicinal applications.
34) Hridya (Hrdya):
Hridya refers to substances that are beneficial for the heart. Badara's inclusion in various Ganas as Hridya indicates its positive impact on cardiovascular health.
35) Badari:
Badari is another name for Badara, demonstrating its various regional and linguistic identities across different Ayurvedic texts and its broad recognition in traditional medicine.
36) Vipaka:
Vipaka refers to the post-digestive effect of a substance. Badara is noted to have Madhura (sweet) Vipaka, which influences its long-term effects on the body after digestion.
37) Kashaya (Kasaya):
Kashaya indicates the astringent taste (Rasa), one of the key tastes of Badara, contributing to its therapeutic properties, particularly in wound healing and digestive health.
38) Powder:
Badara seeds and other parts are often used in powdered form for various therapeutic applications, including the treatment of digestive and respiratory disorders.
39) Indian:
Indian refers to the native geographical context of Badara, emphasizing its widespread cultivation and use within the traditional Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda.
40) Blood:
Badara has properties that purify and improve the quality of blood, as it is used in treating blood-related disorders and enhancing overall blood health.
41) Raja:
Raja in this context refers to Raja Nighantu, an Ayurvedic text that includes comprehensive details on Badara, offering insights into its properties and medicinal uses.
42) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa indicates taste in Ayurvedic terminology. Badara is characterized by multiple Rasas like Madhura (sweet) and Amla (sour), which define its therapeutic qualities.
43) Indian jujube:
Indian jujube, also known as Badara or Ziziphus jujuba Linn., is a fruit-bearing tree known for its significant medicinal properties, widely utilized in Ayurveda for treating various conditions.
44) Madanapalanighantu (Madanapala-nighantu):
[see source text or glossary: Madanapala-nighantu]
45) Ziziphus mauritiana:
Ziziphus mauritiana is another species related to Badara, described as a spiny, evergreen shrub or small tree, commonly found in India and used similarly in traditional medicine.
46) Kaiyadevanighantu (Kaiyadeva-nighantu):
Kaiyadeva Nighantu is another classical Ayurvedic lexicon that lists Badara and provides details on its therapeutic properties along with synonyms and classifications.
47) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
Sushruta Samhita is one of the foundational Ayurvedic texts that mentions Badara, detailing its uses, classifications, and therapeutic benefits in traditional medicine.
48) Shalmalyadivarga (Salmalyadivarga, Shalmalyadi-varga):
[see source text or glossary: Shalmalyadivarga]
49) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological refers to the study of Badara's active compounds and their therapeutic effects, including its anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and CNS-depressant properties.
50) Hikkanigrahana (Hikka-nigrahana):
Hikkanigrahana is a Gana in Charaka Samhita where Badara is listed, highlighting its effectiveness in treating hiccups and respiratory issues.
51) Vatasamshamana (Vatasamsamana, Vata-samshamana):
Vatasamshamana is one of the therapeutic effects of Badara noted in Sushruta Samhita, underscoring its role in pacifying Vata dosha disorders.
52) Sukshmapatra (Sukshma-patra, Suksmapatra):
[see source text or glossary: Sukshmapatra]
53) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Maharashtra is one of the Indian states where Badara is found wild and cultivated, highlighting its regional significance and widespread use in traditional medicine.
54) Bahukantaka (Bahu-kantaka):
[see source text or glossary: Bahukantaka]
55) Amlaskandha (Amla-skandha):
[see source text or glossary: Amlaskandha]
56) Shramahara (Sramahara, Shrama-hara):
Shramahara is a therapeutic action in Ayurveda that refers to alleviating fatigue. Badara is listed under Shramahara Gana, emphasizing its role in reducing physical exhaustion.
57) Discussion:
[see source text or glossary: Discussion]
58) Kandughna (Kandu-ghna):
Kandughna refers to an action against itching or skin conditions. Ayurvedic texts mention Badara's efficacy in alleviating itching and related symptoms.
59) Rajasthan:
Rajasthan is another Indian state where Badara is commonly found and cultivated, indicating its geographical diversity and usage in various traditional medicinal practices.
60) Pravahika:
Pravahika refers to diarrhea. Ayurvedic texts note Badara's efficacy in treating Pravahika, highlighting its use in managing gastrointestinal conditions.
61) Pittahara (Pitta-hara):
Pittahara means pacifying Pitta dosha. Badara is identified as having Pittahara properties, aiding in the balance of bodily humors according to Ayurvedic principles.
62) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamilnadu is an Indian state where Badara is cultivated and used, reflecting its regional availability and application in traditional Ayurvedic medicine.
63) Duhsparsha (Dusparsa, Duhsparsa, Dusparsha, Dushparsha, Duhshparsha):
[see source text or glossary: Dusparsha]
64) Vibandha:
[see source text or glossary: Vibandha]
65) Visphota:
Visphota refers to skin eruptions or blisters. Badara is mentioned in the treatment of Visphota, showcasing its therapeutic role in managing various skin conditions.
66) Vatahara (Vata-ahara):
Vatahara means alleviating Vata dosha. Badara's Vatahara properties indicate its use in treating conditions caused by Vata imbalances, such as certain types of pain and neurological issues.
67) Toxicity:
Toxicity studies on Badara show relatively safe profiles at therapeutic doses but highlight the importance of controlled administration, especially in higher doses to prevent adverse effects.
68) Samgrahin (Sangrahi, Samgrahi):
[see source text or glossary: Sangrahi]
69) Sanskrit:
Sanskrit is the ancient language in which classical Ayurvedic texts are written. Badara is known by various Sanskrit names like Kola and Badari, indicating its historical and linguistic significance.
70) Bhedana:
[see source text or glossary: Bhedana]
71) Trishna (Trsna):
[see source text or glossary: Trishna]
72) Hridaya (Hrdaya):
Hridaya denotes properties beneficial to heart health. Badara is recognized in Ayurvedic literature for its positive impacts on cardiovascular function and overall vitality.
73) Vrishya (Vrsya):
Vrishya refers to aphrodisiac properties. Badara's therapeutic applications include Vrishya effects, indicating its role in enhancing sexual health and vitality.
74) Grahani:
Grahani is a condition related to digestive health, particularly disorders of the small intestine. Badara is used in formulations like Panchmuladi ghrita for treating Grahani, emphasizing its digestive benefits.
75) Phenila:
[see source text or glossary: Phenila]
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 110]
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �A critical review on badara (zizyphus jujuba linn.)�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Paryaya, Medicinal properties, External morphology, Ayurvedic literature, Anti-inflammatory activity, Immunomodulator, Pharmacological action, Flowering and Fruiting, Clinical pharmacology, Flavonoids and saponin.
Concepts being referred in other categories, contexts and sources.